A 50-year-old female patient underwent a right occipital craniotomy for a pars falciformis meningioma in the right occipital sagittal sinus. The operation was successful, with complete removal of the tumor and a good postoperative recovery. The patient had no seizures before and after the surgery, so she questioned the use of antiepileptic drugs. Half a month after her discharge, she had upper abdominal and back pain and swollen jaw lymph nodes, but the symptoms disappeared on their own after a few days, so she associated the above symptoms with sodium valproate. He continued to take antiepileptic drugs for 3 months and never had a seizure. The use of antiepileptic drugs after craniotomy is controversial both at home and abroad. According to the recommendations of the latest 2009 Clinical Guidelines for Neurosurgery prepared by the Chinese Medical Association of the Ministry of Health, for craniotomy for supratentorial tumors, if there is no seizure before and after surgery, prophylactic application of antiepileptic drugs is required for at least 3 months (3~6 months) after surgery; if there is no seizure before surgery but there is a seizure after surgery, prophylactic application of antiepileptic drugs is required for at least 6 months (6~12 months) after surgery. ~If the patient has had seizures before and after surgery, prophylactic antiepileptic drugs should be administered for at least 1 year (1-2 years) after surgery.) If the patient has no seizures before and after the surgery, the prophylactic antiepileptic drugs can be stopped after 1 week. The above case is a supratentorial tumor craniotomy and has no seizures before or after surgery, so prophylactic antiepileptic drugs are needed for at least 3 months. The most common side effects of antiepileptic drugs are allergies, changes in blood picture and liver function, and blood and liver function should be rechecked regularly (about once a month) during use. The manifestations of epigastric pain, back pain, and swollen jaw lymph nodes that occurred during the course of this patient’s medication were not related to the use of sodium valproate extended-release tablets and should be due to other causes.