Esophageal cancer can be diagnosed through esophagoscopy and gastroscopy, but the final diagnosis at a later stage needs to be based on the results of pathological examination. Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor growing on the mucosa of esophagus with high incidence in northern region. In addition, some patients may have irritating cough and even vomit blood. The examination methods of esophageal cancer mainly include the following: a. CT of upper abdomen, which can be used to accurately determine the stage of esophageal tumor; b. Esophageal endoscopy and biopsy, which can detect lesions at an early stage, confirm the diagnosis of esophageal cancer and provide timely treatment; c. Esophageal endoscopic ultrasound, which can visually clarify the degree of infiltration of lesions in the esophagus and measure the enlarged lymph nodes outside the esophageal wall; d. Esophageal X-ray barium meal imaging, which can initially screen for suspected esophageal cancer. can initially screen out patients suspected of esophageal cancer; v. Esophageal exfoliative cytology, which is easy to operate, relatively less painful and suitable for group screening in areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer. If you suspect that you are suffering from esophageal cancer, it is recommended that you should go to a regular hospital in time and follow the medical advice to improve relevant examinations for a clear diagnosis.