Acetabular dysplasia is one of the main causes of secondary osteoarthritis of the hip joint, accounting for 34% to 50% of secondary osteoarthritis of the hip joint. Due to the incomplete acetabular inclusion, the weight-bearing area of the hip joint is reduced and the pressure per unit area of the weight-bearing area is increased, which accelerates the mechanical wear and tear of the hip joint and causes early degenerative changes in the hip joint, whose typical symptoms of hip pain and limp generally appear around the age of 30. If this anatomical abnormality is not corrected in time, it will eventually develop into advanced hip osteoarthritis, resulting in severe hip dysfunction. Most patients with untreated acetabular dysplasia seen in clinical practice have to undergo artificial joint replacement surgery around the age of 40 to 50. Surgical treatment of adult acetabular dysplasia is divided into two categories: correction of the acetabular orientation and deepening of the acetabulum: the former includes various periacetabular osteotomies, and the latter includes internal pelvic displacement osteotomies and acetabular capsuloplasty. All of these procedures are aimed at increasing the acetabular accommodation of the femoral head, spreading the stress on the weight-bearing area of the acetabulum, and halting or delaying the progression of osteoarthritis of the hip joint. The former has been proved to be better than the latter both theoretically and clinically, and the acetabular rotational osteotomy, which is more commonly used in clinical practice, can achieve excellent long-term results in patients with acetabular dysplasia combined with early and progressive osteoarthritis, and play a role in relieving symptoms and delaying the progression of osteoarthritis. Rotational osteotomy of the acetabulum is indicated for patients with acetabular dysplasia combined with early or progressive osteoarthritis, with frequent pain, claudication and functional impairment of the hip joint. Contraindications to surgery are severe cephalo-acetabular dysplasia, inability to improve postoperative alignment, and sclerotic or cystic changes in the acetabulum. For patients with acetabular dysplasia in combination with advanced osteoarthritis, total hip replacement is the only method with proven efficacy. Because of acetabular dysplasia, total hip replacement often requires simultaneous acetabuloplasty, which is more technically demanding than conventional total hip replacement and requires a surgeon with experience in this area. Osteoarthritis of the hip is customarily classified into two categories: primary and secondary. Hip dysplasia is one of the major underlying lesions in secondary osteoarthritis. Advanced osteoarthritis can produce more severe hip pain and affect walking function, requiring artificial hip replacement surgery. Recently, some researchers have suggested that many cases of so-called “primary” hip osteoarthritis are also secondary to minor anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint, meaning that hip dysplasia actually causes more cases of osteoarthritis than can be found today. It is easy to imagine that if dysplastic hips can be detected as early as possible and treated conservatively or surgically at a time when the patient is capable of bone reconstruction and the deformity is mild, the occurrence of secondary osteoarthritis can be greatly prevented and delayed, and the need for artificial joint replacement can be avoided at a later stage, which is of great epidemiological significance. However, the early clinical symptoms of hip dysplasia patients are mild or even asymptomatic, which makes it difficult to draw the early attention of both doctors and patients. In addition, the technical means to diagnose hip dysplasia at an early stage and to predict its progression are not yet mature.