Retroperitoneal tumors, mainly include primary retroperitoneal tumors that originate in the underlying retroperitoneal space and secondary retroperitoneal tumors that metastasize from other sites. The clinical term retroperitoneal tumors usually refers to primary retroperitoneal tumors only, which mostly belong to soft tissue tumors, accounting for 15% of the latter. Primary retroperitoneal tumors are clinically rare and account for less than 1% of malignant tumors. Malignant tumors account for 80% of retroperitoneal tumors, the most common being sarcomas of mesenchymal origin, accounting for 42%. According to the statistics of the National Institutes of Health SEER database, the number of new cases of retroperitoneal sarcoma in China should be around 10,000 per year. Soft tissue tumors occurring in the retroperitoneum are most commonly liposarcoma, followed by smooth muscle sarcoma. Although the incidence of retroperitoneal tumor is low, it covers dozens of tumors with different histological types and biological behaviors, which, together with the special anatomical structure and huge tumor, have lost the hope of life for many patients who were rejected by famous hospitals. Due to the deep location of retroperitoneal tumors, there are usually no obvious signs and symptoms in the early stage. And when patients feel the abdominal distension or feel the abdominal mass, the mass is often already huge. Since retroperitoneal tumor itself also lacks specific clinical manifestations, it can rarely be detected early. And at the later stage, patients show atypical clinical symptoms. For example, gastrointestinal obstruction due to compression of intestinal canal, causing abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting, or fever due to tumor necrosis and bleeding, and wasting or cachexia due to inability to eat, which are not essentially different from the late manifestations of other malignant tumors. Only a few functional tumors can affect blood pressure or blood sugar due to the secretion of some hormones. With precise preoperative evaluation, sophisticated teamwork, and accurate surgical skills, Prof. Wang Quan’s team of Gastrocolorectal Surgery Department of the First Hospital of Jilin University has once again overcome the difficult surgical problem of retroperitoneal tumor and restored the hope of life for many patients who were rejected by famous hospitals and professors. (1) Giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma that could not be “grasped” with one hand (2) Retroperitoneal sarcoma invading the right common iliac artery, resected and reconstructed by artificial vessel (3) Retroperitoneal tumor invading inferior vena cava and right ureter, free and reconstructed and completely resected (4) Extremely rare sarcoma from inferior vena cava, complete resection of tumor and inferior vena cava