The surgical procedure of the brain pacemaker is explained in detail

  Parkinson’s disease makes life difficult for many patients. The body is not under self-control, constantly aggravated, symptoms fluctuate, constantly adjusting medication, gradually unable to take care of their own lives, making patients become anxious and depressed, but no one is better than an island, some people still shoulder their responsibilities, some people still love life, love their families, and are unwilling to give up hope.  So they actively treat and help each other, expecting one day to be able to cure Parkinson’s disease. Although there is still no cure developed, but it is not without breakthrough, brain pacemaker surgery is a big breakthrough, by stimulating abnormal nuclei, regulating abnormal neural electrical activity, effectively improving the symptoms, and it is included in the joint therapy, medical insurance coverage can be reimbursed.  Pacemaker surgery is divided into the implantation of stimulation electrodes and the implantation of stimulation generators.  1. Stimulation electrode implantation (1) First, a stereotactic head frame is installed on the patient’s head, and the patient, together with the stereotactic head frame, undergoes magnetic resonance imaging. Under the high-resolution magnetic resonance image, the neural nuclei needed for the surgery, such as the pallidum and the thalamic floor nucleus, are identified, and then the three-dimensional coordinates of the head frame needed for the surgery are calculated. After completing the positioning, the patient enters the operating room and undergoes the surgery in a fully awake state (local anesthesia).  (2) The procedure is performed by drilling a 14 mm diameter circular hole in the cephalic region (two holes are drilled for bilateral surgery) through which an electrophysiological recording or stimulation system is inserted with the aim of verifying the accuracy of the surgical target. The DBS electrodes are then inserted and a series of stimulation tests are performed so that the effects brought about by the stimulation can be observed, such as improvement in muscle tone and limb movement, and also whether the stimulation brings about adverse reactions, such as abnormal sensation, muscle twitching, difficulty in speaking, blurred vision, etc. During this process the patient needs to be in good condition to cooperate with the stimulation tests and to experience the subtle changes brought about by the stimulation, which This plays a key role in surgical efficacy and avoiding surgical complications.  When the stimulation electrode is implanted, we can implant the stimulation generator immediately or on another day (1) Usually we implant the stimulation generator immediately if we confirm that there is a satisfactory effect during the operation, but if we are not sure of the efficacy during the operation, some patients need to observe symptoms that cannot be achieved on the operation table, such as gait, posture, difficulty in turning, etc., we need to let the patient return to the ward and connect to the temporary stimulator for observation for a few days. We need to send the patient back to the ward, connect the patient to a temporary stimulator for a few days, and then implant the stimulation generator after the efficacy is determined.  (2) Implantation of the stimulation generator is usually performed under general anesthesia. The skin is cut under the clavicle about 10 cm long, and the stimulation generator is implanted under the skin and connected to the stimulation electrode with a connecting wire under the skin. The entire procedure takes only 2 to 3 hours in a skilled surgeon.