1, the main performance of jaw angle hypertrophy: jaw angle hypertrophy is manifested as a square or trapezoidal appearance of the face, mainly bony hypertrophy, a few accompanied by different degrees of bite muscle hypertrophy. 2, the angle of the jaw is not necessarily do jaw angle surgery ① chewing muscle hypertrophy due to a variety of reasons, such as night grinding teeth, lateral chewing and other bad habits lead to facial chewing muscle hypertrophy, the face is square. Treatment methods include surgery to remove the bone, adjust the width of the face under, you can also go part of the chewing muscle to achieve the purpose of thinning the face, injection of facial slimming needle is also an effective method of treatment, but the disadvantage is that a couple of years after the recurrence, need multiple injections. The most effective way to enlarge the skeletal jaw angle is to use jaw angle osteotomy, which is a partial removal of the jaw angle bone from the widest part of the face, narrowing the width of the face from the front, and the curvature of the jaw angle from the side becomes more silky, making the face into a standard “goose egg face” or “melon face. melon face”. Bone hypertrophy jaw angle is our most common. If you have a lot of fat in one part of your face, it is called cheek fat pad, or subcutaneous fat accumulation. The fat can be sucked out or set aside through a special suction needle to slim your face. Jolin Tsai, a singer we are very familiar with, has a typical excess of cheek fat, commonly known as baby fat, so she can have a facial liposuction and must look more beautiful after the operation. 3.What types of Chinese face and jaw angle hypertrophy can be classified? Who is suitable for this type of surgery? First of all, it must be clear that “jaw angle hypertrophy” does not belong to any disease, and patients with jaw angle hypertrophy are physiologically normal people. There are no unified, clear and objective diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of “jaw angle enlargement”, and the decision as to whether surgery is possible and who is suitable for such surgery is based on the patient’s request and the surgeon’s experience. On the one hand, if the patient has such a request and proposes the size and scope of the osteotomy, and the doctor thinks that the request is reasonable, the osteotomy can achieve the cosmetic improvement according to the patient’s request and the doctor is technically able to meet the need of such request, then the surgery can be considered and prepared. The Chinese face is generally wider than the European and American faces, and the phenomenon of enlarged jaw angle is also very common in China, with our opinion and incomplete statistics Chinese women can improve their face shape by performing jaw angle osteotomy up to 20%. Despite such a high percentage, not all people may request the surgery for a variety of reasons, such as some may be afraid of the pain of surgery, some think it is unnecessary, some because of financial problems, and most may not recognize the defects themselves. According to the skeletal morphology of the mandibular angle, enlarged mandibular angle is divided into four categories: ① Posterior and inferior protrusion of the mandibular angle is predominant: the whole layer of the mandibular angle is removed by cutting through the inner and outer plates in an arc; the outer plate of the bone is abraded or split according to the situation. (②) Mandibular angle exostosis is the main type: for the exostosis type, the outer plate of the mandibular angle is cut through obliquely or curved, and the outer plate of the bone is abraded or split according to the situation. ③ The mandibular angle is protruding backward and downward. The mandibular angle is removed by curved osteotomy, and the outer plate of the bone is abraded or split according to the situation. (④) Mandibular angle involution type: the method of removing the outer plate of the bone can get better results. 4, the jaw angle hypertrophy surgery method: At present, the main popular intraoral approach osteotomy method can be removed at the same time part of the bite muscle, extra-oral approach has been basically eliminated, light patients can be implemented botulinum toxin injection method. The intraoral approach can be divided into the mandibular angle osteotomy method and the mandibular bone debridement method. 5.Why do some hospitals operate from the intraoral approach and some from the extraoral approach? Which is the best surgical method? The intraoral approach is performed through an incision in the mouth, leaving no scar on the skin, which is the mainstream surgery at present. The extra-oral approach is performed through an incision in the skin of the neck and leaves a visible permanent skin scar after surgery. It has been eliminated at present. 6.Does the intra-oral approach have other advantages than no scarring? What are the disadvantages? The advantages of the intraoral approach compared with the extraoral approach are: in addition to leaving no skin scar, the intraoral approach is also less likely to damage the mandibular margin branch of the facial nerve (so far we have never damaged the mandibular margin branch of the facial nerve), can simultaneously remove the hypertrophic bite muscle and the buccal fat pad (part of the fat of the cheek), and can remove large pieces of the mandibular angle and mandibular margin bone for patients with wide faces to make the surgical effect more ideal, and for patients with posterior chin Patients with shrunken chin can have their chin augmentation (chin augmentation) done through the intra-oral approach at the same time. For example, the extra-oral approach will leave a more obvious skin scar, and the extra-oral approach will easily injure the mandibular margin branch of the facial nerve, causing the patient to have a permanent crooked angle of the mouth and affecting facial expression. The disadvantages of the intra-oral approach are: the restricted field is not clear, and some steps need to be operated under blind vision; the inconvenience of the operation needs to be completed by personnel with high operating skills; the operation must be performed under general anesthesia; the operation time is prolonged, the operation time is long, the postoperative swelling period is long, and the recovery is slow. 7.What do I need to pay attention to before surgery? ①Healthy, no organic lesions of important organs, such as: no heart disease, no hepatitis, nephritis, pneumonia and other diseases. ②No oral infection sources, such as: dental caries, periodontitis, oral ulcers, etc. ③Female surgery should avoid menstrual period. Pre-operative routine laboratory tests of blood and urine, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram and other routine health examinations, as well as “mandibular surface tomography” and lateral radiographs of the mandible and CT examinations should be performed for special patients. ⑤ Confirm that no Botox injections or other plastic surgery on the jaw within six months. 8.My jaw angle is not enlarged but I still feel that there is a small angle on the jaw that does not look good, can it be treated? Can, there are many such cases, especially some very demanding actors or TV hosts do small jaw angle osteotomy are very satisfied with the results. Some people already have a good face shape, but if a small, inconspicuous jaw angle is removed, it will look even better. Therefore, not necessarily people with enlarged jaw angle are suitable for this surgery, even people with high requirements for face shape can also undergo this kind of surgery, but must be decided after diagnosis and consultation by experienced doctors, at this time the surgery requirements are very high, the precision of bone cutting requirements are very accurate surgery should be more cautious. 9.In addition to the enlarged jaw angle, the whole jaw edge is a bit large and looks awkward, can it be corrected through surgery? Yes, for such cases, in addition to amputation of the angle of the jaw, we can also amputate part of the bone cortex of the lower edge of the jaw at the same time, the lower edge of the jaw is trimmed, or chin surgery, so that the lower edge of the jaw is narrowed, so that the facial contour is significantly reduced. 10.Can I use the jaw angle bone that was cut to augment my chin? Absolutely, this procedure is currently the more popular procedure to reshape the chin, and chin augmentation with the removed jaw bone is the most ideal material for chin augmentation. Because it is an autologous bone material, no rejection reaction will occur, and infection will not easily occur after surgery, and the bone quality is close to the same part of the jaw bone, so bone resorption will not easily occur after surgery. There are many kinds of artificial prosthesis, but after all, they are not ideal for self-grown bone. Whether such surgery can be performed depends mainly on the need to change the shape of the face and the size of the jaw angle bone taken down. 11.What is the difference between osteotomy and grinding of the jaw angle? Osteotomy: The enlarged jaw angle bone is cut down and ground smoothly at the same time, which is more suitable for cases with wide left and right sides of the face in the frontal view and a sharp angle of the jaw angle on both sides in the lateral view. Grinding: It is suitable for mild to moderate jaw angle hypertrophy deformity, and the surgery simply grinds away part of the outer plate of the mandible bone to achieve the purpose of narrowing the left and right sides of the face in the frontal view. The former is “cut off” with a saw and the latter is “smoothed” with a file. The two methods have advantages and disadvantages, and often jointly applied. 12, jaw angle plastic adaptation: jaw angle plastic by removing the jaw angle too prominent part, restore the normal jaw angle form, so that the face shape into a beautiful oval or melon face. ① jaw angle is obviously hypertrophy, outward, for the obvious “square face” or “trapezoidal face”. ②Unilateral or bilateral jaw angle protrusion, asymmetric on both sides. ③The ratio of the upper and lower facial width is not coordinated, and the distance between the two mandibles is close to or greater than the width between the two zygomatic prominences. 13.If it is a bone grinding surgery, will it grow back after a few years? No, after grinding the outer plate of the bone, with time will grow part of the dense bone, but the part of the growth is almost invisible with the naked eye, so do not worry about the appearance of the effect. 14, jaw angle plastic surgery has an age requirement? Generally, after the age of 16, 17, facial bone development is complete, the basic shape after the jaw angle plastic surgery. 15, general anesthesia is harmful to the human body? General anesthesia technology is quite safe, almost no harm to the human body, now the clinical application of anesthetic drugs have very few side effects, anesthetics 2 to 3 days after surgery from the body completely metabolized and decomposed. There are some reports of anesthesia accidents, but mainly in the elderly, poor cardiopulmonary function, poor drug tolerance, there are individual events, young people do not have these problems. 16.Is this surgery completely confidential? Yes. This type of surgery involves the patient’s privacy and the hospital must maintain complete confidentiality for the patient, and if it is necessary to use the patient’s pre- and post-operative photos, the patient’s consent must be sought. 17.How much does the result of the surgery differ from my expectation? The result of the surgery cannot be whatever you want, although it is related to the surgeon’s technique, but to a large extent, it also depends on the patient’s own condition. You will have a significant improvement after surgery, but you should not have too high expectations. The basic structure of each person’s bones determines how much room you have for shaping. 18.How long does the surgery usually take? The surgery takes different amounts of time depending on the complexity of the procedure Some take an hour to complete the surgery, while others take about three to four hours. It depends on the type of surgery and the degree of deformity chosen. 19.Can accidents happen during surgery? The key question is how big is the risk of surgery? The key question is how much is the risk of surgery? If the operation is regular and the preoperative and postoperative procedures are carried out according to conventional medical procedures, the risk of surgery can be reduced to a minimum. The most serious complications related to this type of surgery are “fracture of the ascending branch of the mandible” and “injury to the inferior alveolar nerve and facial nerve”. Nerve damage results in numbness of the lower lip or drooping of the corners of the mouth. General complications include bleeding (normal bleeding is 200ml~400ml, which is equivalent to a small amount of blood donation), hematoma, and postoperative wound infection requiring a second surgery. 20.How much does the surgery cost? How much does hospitalization cost? The overall cost is about 15,000 to 25,000 RMB, and the price fluctuates depending on whether the procedure is added or whether biological materials are used. 21.How long is the hospital stay? The general hospitalization time is 3-5 days before surgery and 7-8 days after surgery, totaling about 2 weeks. 22.Do I need to be hospitalized after surgery? How long does it take for the swelling to go down after surgery and can I resume normal work or study? The surgery is performed with absorbable sutures to close the surgical wound, no stitch removal is required. If possible, you should be hospitalized for 7 days, or at least 4-5 days if time or conditions do not allow. Since the surgery is performed through an intraoral approach, to prevent postoperative infection, postoperative anti-infection treatment should be given for about 5 days to reduce the postoperative infection rate. Due to the trauma caused by the surgery, generally 3-4 days after surgery is when the soft tissue swelling is most obvious, after that the soft tissue swelling will subside significantly, and by 7 days when the stitches are removed the main swelling will have subsided significantly, but there will still be some slight soft tissue swelling, which usually does not affect study and work. The full recovery time is longer, though it varies from person to person, up to 6 months. 22.What happens if the surgery fails? ①Motor dysfunction caused by facial nerve damage, resulting in facial palsy ②Heavy bleeding due to arterial damage caused during surgical osteotomy or bone grinding ③Significant asymmetry on both sides of the face, which may require secondary surgery if necessary. 23.Can I eat after surgery? What are the post-operative dietary considerations? In order to prevent postoperative infections, you should eat liquid food after surgery, such as milk, juice, broth, etc. After 72 hours, you can eat semi-liquid food, such as sour milk, egg custard, rotten noodle soup, thin rice, etc. Later, you can gradually transition to normal diet. Afterwards, gradually transition to normal diet, but within a month should not eat food that is too hard and too hot, stimulating food. You must rinse your mouth after eating. 24.Do you need someone to take care of you after surgery? Do I need someone to stay with me if I am hospitalized? Postoperative life is completely self-care, except for the day of surgery and the first postoperative day, there is no need to stay with someone or ask someone to take care of you. 25.How long is the general swelling after surgery? After one week after surgery, the acute edema basically disappears, but there will still be some slight swelling, so you can start working at your discretion at this time. This slight swelling is slow to subside, usually taking about a month, and may take longer than that, but it usually does not affect normal life and work. It may take 3-6 months for complete recovery. 26.Is there a possibility of infection after surgery? What should I do if there is an infection? It is possible to get infected, and the infection rate is about 1-2%. However, the infection is not terrible and can be controlled and cured quickly through drainage, flushing and the application of antibacterial agents, which will not affect the surgical result. 27.Can we guarantee absolute bilateral symmetry after surgery? It is impossible to guarantee absolute bilateral symmetry after surgery. First of all, normal people have different degrees of asymmetry in both upper and lower limbs, both hands, both feet and both sides of the face, regardless of the degree of bone or muscle development, but it is not obvious and difficult to identify with the naked eye. These phenomena are generally not noticed by people, the reason is mainly hidden by the visual error, in addition, in the process of interaction between people often produce a certain angle and ignore the existence of the error. So a certain range of error is normal and acceptable. In fact, for patients with obvious preoperative bilateral mandibular asymmetry, we correct the difference through bilateral surgical osteotomies, so that the postoperative patients who achieve visual symmetry or basic symmetry account for about one-third of our patients in this type of surgery. 28.What kind of face shape can be called melon face: The ideal melon face has a length to width ratio of 34:21, and this ratio is exactly in line with the golden rule. 29.Can I wash or rub my face with force after the surgery? Avoid rubbing the skin outside the surgery area with external force within one month, and avoid rubbing the cheeks before the wound is completely healed. 31, after surgery will affect the chewing function? Jaw angle plastic surgery will affect the chewing function, but only temporarily. Because the bite muscle of the jaw angle is responsible for chewing function, so when doing this kind of plastic surgery may separate part of the bite muscle, it is difficult to avoid will cause chewing function is weakened. Generally speaking, this discomfort is only temporary, because after surgery will inevitably appear swelling, swelling will inevitably cause chewing function disorder, but this is only a very short time to recover, do not worry too much. 32.Will the jaw angle face reshaping leave after-effects? Facelift surgery will not leave any after-effects, such as scars, infection of the surgery itself, which are complications, but there will be no after-effects under normal circumstances. 33.When can the jaw angle surgery be repaired if it is unsuccessful? In the post-operative period of six months to a year for jaw angle surgery failure repair is the best choice. 34, jaw angle plastic surgery failure phenomenon: “jaw angle plastic surgery failure” phenomenon so-called jaw angle plastic failure in fact, most of the reasons or patients themselves that they are not satisfied, and not medical jaw angle plastic failure, such as: jaw angle plastic osteotomy is not enough, grinding bone is not in place, pre-operative post-operative comparison of some jaw angle plastic The two sides of the cut bone arc obviously asymmetrical, frontal view obviously face deviation, medical requirements of basic symmetry, not necessarily 100% symmetrical. Some patients side view angle of the jaw angle is sharp, frontal view of both sides of the face is wider, jaw angle plastic surgery only to the jaw angle and not to the outer plate, did not achieve the effect of frontal face slimming, although the side effect. This unsatisfactory rate is the highest. Mandibular angle plastic surgery overall appearance is not ideal, cheekbone zygomatic arch jaw angle ratio is not coordinated. Mandibular angle plastic own cranial bone is larger, improve the limited thin face and lead to dissatisfaction, this guest is also more, generally are blind surgery, eager to become a melon face. The jaw angle plastic osteotomy excessive, the formation of “horse face” so that the angle is missing jaw angle plastic straight osteotomy, the formation of double angle, because the arc osteotomy to have a certain skill, beginners operate with difficulty remedial measures. As long as there is no excessive osteotomy or bone grinding, tissue and bone anatomical levels are not disrupted, can be modified on the basis of the original, and excessive osteotomy to repair only with a prosthesis or iliac bone, no angle and need to recreate the angle. The reason why these phenomena occur is mostly due to blind surgery. If you go to a regular hospital and listen to the doctor’s advice, the failure rate of surgery is very low. 35.How to arrange the post-operative diet? The patient should not eat too hard food in the first few days after surgery, and it is better to eat liquid food, such as milk, juice, etc. After two or three days, it is possible to use semi-liquid food, such as noodles, thin rice, etc. After the removal of the stitches, you can eat normally. However, in order to ensure the post-operative effect, it is advisable not to use anything too hard for the first month after surgery. You need to start with easy-to-chew food and gradually transition to normal food. 36. Post-operative precautions for surgery ①You must stay in the hospital for observation for 5-7 days. ②Do not wash your hair for a week. ③Mask pressure bandage for 5 to 7 days, and cannot be removed in the middle if there are no special circumstances. If drainage strips are placed in the intraoral wound, they should be removed 48 hours after surgery. ⑤ Eat liquid food until the fifth day after surgery, and avoid biting hard things as much as possible for three months. (6) Start gargling with mouthwash until the removal of stitches 1 day after surgery. ⑦No facial beauty massage or rubbing of the surgical area for three months. ⑧Eat less spicy and stimulating food and try to eat semi-liquid food. 37.If there are complications such as fracture and titanium plate fixation, can I pass the airplane security check? Yes, there is no effect 38.Will the titanium nail and titanium plate have a rejection reaction with the human body? The biocompatibility of titanium nails and plates with living organisms is very good, theoretically not, but each person is a complex individual, the probability of one percent is also there. 39.Is there any side effect or danger of fixation with titanium nail? Generally speaking, there is nothing side effects, if there are obvious side effects, the state will not allow the use. Danger, anything exists, as long as the nail plate has a formal national certificate of compliance, and follow the instructions of the doctor after surgery, not unauthorized weight, the danger can be ignored. 40, if there is metal porcelain teeth in the mouth will not react with titanium nails and plates? No reaction will occur, for example: the implant of the dental prosthesis will not react with the porcelain restoration above. 41.How to perform the surgery if there are porcelain teeth in the mouth? There is no effect on this kind of surgery, simply doing jaw surgery does not involve porcelain teeth, but if the porcelain teeth are bad restorations, they will easily loosen and detach, which will increase the risk of surgery. If the bad restorations fall off during the surgery and fall into the surgery. 42.Will the appearance before and after surgery affect the identification? No, it is a cosmetic surgery. The face shape will be improved but it will not affect the identification. 43.What are the chances of hyperplasia and sagging after surgery? Under normal circumstances, there is no hyperplasia and sagging, directly related to individual skin quality. Some older candidates with poor skin elasticity may have sagging skin in the osteotomy area 2-3 years after surgery, and soft tissue suspension will be performed if necessary. 44.Is there any damage to the teeth in the mouth? The jaw angle surgery will not damage the teeth. 45.Wisdom teeth can be operated without extraction. If the wisdom teeth are not well positioned and affect the operation, they need to be extracted; it is judged according to the patient’s CT examination results. 46.Will scarring leave scars for patients with keloid? The surgery is done intra-orally, but the scar will not be left on the outside, but the scar will be formed inside the mouth. 47.What is the best season to do this surgery? The season is not directly related to the effect of jaw angle surgery, the effect of the surgery is mainly decided by the full communication with the expert and the aesthetic consistency before surgery. 48.What about the whole melon face? Face transformation is not based on imagination to plastic surgery, to combine the actual face shape of individuals and the existence of which plastic surgery problems, because plastic surgery is the need for precision design and the pursuit of the best results of surgery, detailed examination is required to give scientific analysis, do the corresponding plastic surgery projects, the cost is not good to determine, if it is to change the shape of the face surgery, is generally to hospital rehabilitation, in order to better repair the effect. 49, jaw angle bone grinding how painful? Can I stand it? General anesthesia is used during jaw angle surgery, so the whole procedure is painless. The postoperative pain is mainly in the throat, which is caused by the tracheal tube rubbing the mucous membrane of the throat. Local anesthesia surgery has pain within 2 or 3 hours after surgery. 50.Can my face be smaller after surgery and become a “melon face”? The size of the “face plate” depends not only on the size of the jaw bone, but also on the size of the cheekbones and zygomatic arch. Some people with a wide face plate need to remove not only part of the jaw bone but also part of the cheekbones and cheek arches in order to completely change the shape of their face. The “melon face” is the main concept of Chinese aesthetics, and historically and currently most people believe that a “melon face” looks better than a “square face” (especially for women). Bone cutting of the jaw angle and jaw edge is the only effective way to improve the face shape and make it “melon face” or close to “melon face”. 51.Will the teeth fall out after jaw angle surgery? No. 52. Two preparations are required before restoration: ① Routine blood and urine tests and routine health checks such as chest X-ray and ECG. (2) X-ray examination of mandibular surface tomography and lateral image of mandible and CT examination. 53.Can men who have jaw surgery not want to make a melon face? Not every case of jaw angle surgery can be made into a melon face, it is determined according to the patient’s condition. 54.What is Korean style jaw angle surgery? Generally speaking, the angle of the jaw angle is 120 degrees, and the appearance should not be angular, while the jaw angle hypertrophy includes two aspects: First, the angle of the jaw angle is too small, showing a “country” face, which does not look gentle in women. The second is the thickening of the mandibular exostosis, making the face trapezoidal, also does not meet the aesthetic standards, and this situation is accompanied by hypertrophy of the bite muscle, the candidate’s face is wider and more trapezoidal face shape, side view of the male jaw angle, lack of soft, smooth contour. The Korean jaw angle is an innovative technical crystallization of traditional surgery, with both Korean refinement and rich Chinese clinical practice experience, integrating the essence of the plastic surgery industry in China and Korea. The Korean jaw angle performs precise cutting and grinding of the surgical site without damaging the nerves and blood vessels, with smooth and natural lines on the grinding surface, quick recovery after surgery, and no scars. 55.If facial paralysis occurs, what is the performance? The angle of the mouth on the built side is elevated, and the angle of the mouth on the affected side is slightly depressed, unable to puff, etc. 56.What is the surgery if the jaw plane angle is normal? If the jaw plane angle is normal in size, the lateral view is no different from normal, and only the frontal view is slightly wide, then only the mandibular ascending branch and the bone outer plate of the mandibular angle area need to be removed; if the chin appears to be short at the same time, it may be necessary to perform chinplasty at the same time. 57.If the angle of the mandibular plane is less than normal, what is the surgery method? If the angle of the mandibular plane is less than 110 degrees, and the lateral view of the face is not good, the surgery requires amputation of the mandibular angle, and depending on the patient’s specific situation, it may be necessary to perform the splitting of the external plate of the mandibular ascending bone at the same time. 58.Can patients who have been injected with Botulinum toxin undergo mandibular angle surgery? Yes, but at least 3 months must pass before surgery is performed, otherwise it will increase the difficulty and risk of surgery. 59.Will the implantation of the prosthesis cause bone resorption? If the implant is not fixed to the bone with titanium nails, it will cause dense bone resorption, but if it is fixed, it will not cause this symptom. 60.The correction of the enlarged jaw angle includes two aspects: the treatment of the bite muscle and the treatment of the bone. Unless the bite muscle is excessively hypertrophied and some of the inner layer of the bite muscle needs to be clipped, in most cases we only dissociate the mandibular rim end of the bite muscle (inner layer), while partially transecting the inner layer of the bite muscle and keeping it in place. The purpose of this is to prevent local indentation after clipping the bite muscle, which usually occurs about 2 years after surgery. The dissected bite muscle will gradually show disuse atrophy within 6 months after surgery to achieve the purpose of face slimming.