Esophageal cancer is a common cancer in the elderly. After the age of 40, the incidence rate increases significantly with age, and the peak period is between 60 and 65 years old. However, do not think that prevention of esophageal cancer is a matter for the elderly, because the latent period of cancer is as long as 10 to 20 years. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to any age group. 1.Protect the esophagus, which is the organ through which all food is eaten, and food is formed into a mass in the esophagus and enters the stomach in an orderly manner for digestion. Chew and swallow slowly. Saliva is secreted by three kinds of glands, and after fully mixed with food, it can promote digestion, hydrolyze starch or maltose, etc.; dilute and dissolve food, enhance the sense of taste; mucin can lubricate food, facilitate swallowing; neutralize toxic substances and sterilize. Swallowing can damage the esophagus. Do not eat food that is too hot, too hard and irritating. Otherwise the oral, esophageal and gastric mucosa will be damaged. Stimulating foods also include strong tea, strong coffee, strong alcohol, etc. Pay attention to oral hygiene. Any lesions in the oral cavity are detrimental to digestion, and if there is an infection, it can easily spread to the esophagus. 2.Reject carcinogenic food Nitrosamines are closely related to esophageal cancer, and mold can enhance the carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Overnight vegetables, rotten fruits, moldy food, salted fish and pickles, and fried, fried and baked food should be prohibited. Drinking water should pay attention to the water source, and tap water should also be prevented from being contaminated, otherwise it can also cause cancer. Do not smoke. Smoking can cause a wide range of cancers, and the formation of cancer can cause cancers of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tracts. No alcohol abuse. It is inevitable to drink a lot of alcohol for a long time without consuming carcinogens. Some wine contains carcinogens such as nitrosamines and aflatoxins, and indirect carcinogens such as aldehydes and alcohols. 3.Rational nutrition Epidemiological survey confirms that malnutrition is related to esophageal cancer. Lack of protein will lead to mucosal hyperplasia of esophagus, which will easily become malignant; lack of fat will hinder the absorption of essential fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, which will affect health and lower immune function. We should eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, the former cannot replace the latter, because cooking often destroys a lot of vitamins and trace elements. To promote the drinking of tea. Green tea can prevent cancer, and cardiovascular disease and other benefits. But do not advocate drinking, it is best to “taste”, to drink a small number of times effectively in the body. When pregnancy, breastfeeding, fever, bleeding and gastrointestinal disease, it is not or cautious to drink. 4.Drug prevention Patients suffering from esophageal cancer often lack trace elements such as iron, molybdenum, zinc, manganese, selenium and vitamins A, B2 and C. Aspirin can prevent this disease, so high-risk groups can supplement relevant trace elements, vitamins and drugs to prevent it under the guidance of physicians. 5.Actively treat esophageal diseases such as esophagitis, leukoplakia, polyps, diverticula and cardia incontinentia, which are prone to deteriorate and form cancer due to histological changes, functional variation and local stimulation. Must be closely observed, active treatment and take effective measures to prevent. 6.Wide health promotion and education work should be carried out to popularize cancer prevention knowledge. 7.Conduct census to detect early cases in time to improve the cure rate. 8.Maintain good mood and do not get angry. 9.Strengthen physical exercise (such as practicing qigong and taijiquan, etc.).