Esophageal cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor that kills about 300,000 people worldwide each year. Its incidence and mortality rates vary greatly from country to country. China is one of the regions with high incidence of esophageal cancer in the world, with an average of about 150,000 deaths per year. There are more men than women, and the age of onset is mostly above 40 years old. The typical symptom of esophageal cancer is progressive dysphagia, firstly, it is difficult to swallow dry food, then semi-liquid food, and finally water and saliva cannot be swallowed. Advantages of combined thoracic and laparoscopic radical esophageal cancer surgery: 1. Significant reduction of postoperative pain: One of the advantages of laparoscopic surgery is that it reduces the postoperative pain of patients and reduces the application dose and application time of postoperative analgesic drugs for patients. The postoperative pain in thoracic surgery is mainly related to rib propping, so thoracoscopic lobectomy without rib propping is more in line with the requirements of minimally invasive surgery; the surgical incisions are 2 incisions of about 2 cm and an incision of about 3.5-4.5 cm in length at the anterior axillary line of the 4th intercostal space. (while the incision of conventional open-chest surgery is 20-30cm long) 2. Comparison of lung function and mobility: thoracoscopic surgery preserves the integrity of the thorax and the patient’s respiratory function to a large extent compared with conventional open-chest surgery because the chest wall muscles are not cut off and the ribs are not propped open, so the patient’s postoperative lung function and mobility are better than those of conventional open-chest surgery patients.