1, why do people get hemorrhoids? The cause of hemorrhoids is not yet completely clear, generally believed to be mainly related to the following factors: (1) with the human body’s upright state: because the anorectum is located in the lower part of the torso, people are often in the upright state, the anus relative to the heart position is low, due to the factor of gravity, the anorectal part of the blood back to the heart is more difficult to be easy to depression into the hemorrhoids, and the heart of the animal than the anus is located in the low position, so far has not been Found that there are animals with hemorrhoids. (2) and hemorrhoidal veins without valves. The veins in other parts of the body have many valves, like valves in the blood vessels, so that the blood can only flow in one direction, and can not flow back. However, there are no valves in the hemorrhoidal veins in the anal area, and the blood tends to be retained locally, leading to localized varicose blood vessels and the gradual formation of hemorrhoids. (3) Related to infection factors. Inflammatory changes can often be seen in the hemorrhoidal tissue during section examination, so some scholars believe that the infection and thrombosis of the hemorrhoidal venous plexus is the reason for the formation of hemorrhoids. Due to the inflammation of the endothelium and perivenous inflammation, the blood vessel wall of the hemorrhoidal venous plexus becomes brittle, thin and varicose, and finally hemorrhoids are formed. (4) Related to constipation and prolonged defecation. When the dry and hard fecal mass enters the rectal jugular abdomen, it exerts a certain pressure on the rectal wall and the upper part of the anal canal. The arterial veins on the hemorrhoids, which are between the hard stool and the anal layers of the rectum and the long tubes, are squeezed by the feces, and the venous pressure is low and inelastic, so that the blood reflux is easily impeded. However, the arterial pressure and high, and elastic, not easy to be squeezed, blood can still continue to enter the anorectum. And venous reflux is blocked, the blood will accumulate in the venous plexus of the anorectum, resulting in venous plexus expansion and tortuous, and in the long run gradually formed to small arteries as the center of varicose veins mass, and finally increase in size to form hemorrhoids. (5) Related to diet. Too little fiber in the diet will lead to constipation, drinking alcohol, eating spicy stimulating food will also stimulate the anorectal congestion and local blood circulation disorders, over time will form hemorrhoids. (6) Related to emphysema, chronic bronchitis and other diseases with increased abdominal pressure. High abdominal pressure affects the blood return in the anorectal area and aggravates the varicose veins of hemorrhoids. In addition, cirrhosis of the liver, portal vein thrombosis, etc. can cause hyperpressure within the portal vein, which directly leads to a rise in the pressure of the hemorrhoidal venous plexus, which is also one of the factors in the formation and aggravation of hemorrhoids. In addition, the formation of hemorrhoids may also be related to occupation, heredity, age, gender and so on. 2. How to identify hemorrhoids and rectal cancer? Hemorrhoids and rectal cancer can show blood in stool clinically, and it is often found that a large number of patients mistakenly think that blood in stool is caused by hemorrhoids and delay treatment, resulting in very serious consequences. How to identify the two? First of all, the color of blood in stool: the color of blood in stool of hemorrhoids is bright red, while that of rectal cancer is mostly dark red or jam-colored, accompanied by mucus. Rectal palpation is usually unable to touch the hemorrhoidal nucleus because of its softness, while rectal cancer can be touched by palpation in the rectum and anal canal with hard and non-smooth mass, which is cauliflower-like or ulcerated. Enteroscopy and pathological section examination are the most reliable methods to identify hemorrhoids and rectal cancer. 3.Can hemorrhoids form cancer? Hemorrhoids is a benign disease and will not develop cancer. However, small amount of bleeding for a long time may cause anemia. It is life-threatening. 4.What is the principle of hemorrhoid treatment? (1) asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not need treatment, symptomatic hemorrhoids focus on reducing or eliminating symptoms, rather than eliminating the nucleus of hemorrhoids itself; (2) the treatment of hemorrhoids is preferred to non-surgical treatment, for Ⅰ, Ⅱ stage hemorrhoids, choose medication or add physical therapy; Ⅲ, Ⅳ stage hemorrhoids are mainly surgical therapy. (3) timely treatment and hemorrhoid occurrence, development of systemic diseases to eliminate the cause of hemorrhoids. 5.How to prevent hemorrhoids? (1) Take a sitz bath daily; (2) Keep the anus clean and hygienic; (3) Prevent constipation; (4) Prevent diarrhea; (5) Don’t defecate excessively, squatting in the toilet soon; (6) Don’t let the buttocks get cold; (7) Don’t stay in one position for a long time; (8) Control the intake of alcohol, spicy and stimulating food; (9) Avoid sitting for a long time; (10) Discuss with the doctor in time to receive the correct diagnosis and treatment.