About 20-30% of patients with epilepsy will have difficulty controlling it with any medication, clinically known as drug-refractory epilepsy. These patients need to be considered for surgical treatment. I am often asked, “How do you locate the epileptic focus?” I tell them graphically: locating the epileptic focus is like catching the “bad guy”. There is a step-by-step process in the diagnosis and treatment of any disease, which is like collecting “evidence” of a bad guy’s crime. As for what causes further analysis. Then the medical history, specific seizure performance, examination data, imaging films, EEG, especially the seizure period video EEG, liver and kidney function, blood drug concentration tests and so on are objective information, the localization of epileptic foci have their own reference value. Special cases also require special equipment such as intracranial electrodes, magnetoencephalography, etc. When it really comes to catching the bad guys, we also need to be fully prepared to protect the masses and important functional facilities. Corresponding to epilepsy surgery is microsurgery to locate the function and blood supply around the epileptic foci. Minimal damage for maximum gain!