Acne vulgaris is a skin condition that affects the beauty of adolescent men and women (10-25 years old), commonly known as acne. It is also common in middle-aged people between the ages of 30 and 40, and even in older people, where chronic inflammatory skin diseases of the hair follicles and sebaceous glands occasionally occur. It is often a great pain for the mental and even physical body of the patient, and a bad treatment even brings lifelong regret. If prevented and treated early, it can be completely avoided or the harm can be reduced to a minimum. There are many factors that contribute to the development of acne vulgaris, which can be summarized as three main links: 1. Excessive sebum secretion: Excessive sebum can easily lead to sebum storage, embolism, excretion, and even secondary infection at the mouth of the hair follicle. There are many factors affecting excessive sebum secretion, such as pubertal gonadal development, endocrine disorder, androgen increase stimulating the cell turnover of sebaceous glands and lipid synthesis, causing increased sebum secretion; diet fat, sugar, coffee, strong tea, wine, pepper, etc., and drugs such as bromides and glucocorticoids can increase the source of sebum and change the composition of sebum or increase the secretion of sebum; genetic quality, emotional Genetic quality, emotion, hot and humid environment, constipation, etc. can also increase sebum secretion. 2, hair follicle, sebaceous gland mouth of the poor: can be due to the lack of vitamin A or external pollutants, dust in the air, and even bad cosmetics, detergents, etc., resulting in the hair follicle sebaceous gland mouth of the keratinization abnormal, narrowing the mouth of the tube, if not pay attention to clean skin, so that sebum, dust and epithelial cells shed from the hair follicle wall mixed in the hair follicle mouth, the formation of white head or black head, so that the sebum secretion is not easy to discharge, the lumen The pressure inside the lumen increases, resulting in the rupture of the tube wall and the flow of sebum to the surrounding tissues, causing an inflammatory reaction, and at the same time creating an anaerobic environment conducive to the survival and reproduction of anaerobic bacteria. 3.Inflammatory reaction: The factors that cause inflammatory reaction can be caused by the parasitic, decomposition products and toxins of Acinetobacter propionicus, Onychobacterium furfur, Staphylococcus albicans and Follicularis, or the rupture of the acne wall and the flow of free fatty acids into the nearby dermis to stimulate non-specific inflammation around the hair follicles and follicles, coupled with specific bacterial infection, causing inflammatory reaction, often appearing as inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules and abscesses. nodules and abscesses. The immunity of the individual also has an important influence on the inflammatory response. Not all of the above three major components exist in balance at the same time, and only one or more of them are predominant due to significant individual variation. The clinical manifestations of the damage are various, including follicular red papules, and papules topped with small pustules, abscesses, nodules, blackheads, whiteheads, cysts, and cornea, and even several types of damage aggregated together to form sinus tracts, scars, both mild and severe, preferably on the cheeks, forehead, cheeks, and nasolabial folds, followed by the chest, back, and shoulders. We seize these three main links for treatment and prevention. Treatment: 1) Drugs to inhibit sebum secretion: 1) anti-androgenic hormones such as spironolactone, compound kynurenine, daing-35, tanshinone, etc.; 2) female hormones such as enesthene, progesterone, etc.; 3) topical sulfur preparations, vitamin A acid, selenium disulfide solution type. For the above drugs must be selected according to the specific situation, under the guidance of a doctor, because some drugs are only applicable to women or a particular situation. 2. Anti-keratosis treatment: Especially important for patients with cystic and aggregated acne, blackheads and whiteheads. There are oral and topical medications. Commonly used orally are vitamin A, isotretinoin, zinc preparations, etc. Commonly used topically are 0.05% all-trans retinoic acid cream, 0.1% adapalene gel, hydantoin preparations, etc. For the formation of acne can be used acne extractor extrusion. 3.Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory treatment: The application of antibiotics is essential and has a significant effect on the obvious damage of inflammation. The first choice for systemic application is the tetracycline family, such as dimethyl tetracycline and erythromycin, etc. Clindamycin, metronidazole, sulfonamides, tanshinone, etc. are also available. The course of treatment is 6-12 weeks. For obvious inflammatory response, corticosteroid treatment can be given simultaneously with antibiotics. There are many types of topical antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, commonly used are 1% erythromycin ethanol solution, 1% chloramphenicol metronidazole ethanol solution, 1% clindamycin phosphate ethanol solution, 5% benzoyl peroxide gel, selenium disulfide lotion, 15-20% azelaic acid cream, 2% metronidazole cream, etc. Due to the different manufacturers, there are many trade names, basically all contain the above main ingredients or slightly different drugs can be selected according to their own situation. For individual stubborn cases special methods should be used on a case-by-case basis and decided by the doctor. Patients who have not seen a doctor are best treated under the guidance of a doctor, which can lead to fewer detours. For acne that has already occurred, appropriate treatment should be given according to the individual and the characteristics of the rash. My experience is that for those with acne inflammation that is clearly infected and purulent, applying minocycline hydrochloride and metronidazole orally at the same time is more effective. Take it twice a day, morning and evening after meals, and insist on it for more than 2 weeks. You can see the obvious effect. If you still do not understand the problem can contact me through the website to exchange. Prevention: 1. Control excessive skin sebum secretion, reduce fatty food intake, reduce the source of sebum, eat less sweets, fried food, chocolate, etc., do not use coffee, strong tea, wine, chili, overheated stimulating food, eat more vegetables and fruits. Control mood swings, adjust the environment to be comfortable, regulate the gastrointestinal function, and keep the bowel movement smooth, which can reduce the secretion of sebum. Sulfur soap and selenium disulfide can be used to remove excessive sebum from the skin surface. Discontinue the use of bromides, glucocorticoids and other drugs that can increase sebum. 2. Keep the hair follicle sebaceous gland mouth open to prevent epithelial keratinization and narrowing of the mouth of the hair follicle sebaceous gland, which will affect the sebum discharge. Wash your face with hot water, soap and cleanser to remove sebum, dirt and keratinocytes on your skin and to prevent the formation of pimples and inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands caused by free fatty acid stimulation. Insist on washing 2 – 4 times a day. 3, control the inflammatory reaction: one should keep the skin clean and hygienic, reduce the occurrence of microbial infection and inflammation, do not often touch the skin with your hands or squeeze the acne to prevent the follicle sebaceous glands and ducts from rupture, so that microorganisms, sebum and decomposed free fatty acids enter the surrounding tissue causing infectious inflammation and non-specific inflammation.