Both Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s have a high prevalence of middle-aged and elderly people. Many people think that Parkinson’s is Alzheimer’s disease, but in fact, there are certain differences between the two in terms of symptoms, causes and treatment. So, how should we distinguish between Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease? 1, pathogenesis Although the symptoms of both diseases appear in the “mind”, Parkinson’s disease is the absence of dopamine neurons in the brain, resulting in a decrease in dopamine in the brain, thus causing the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, while Alzheimer’s disease is a disease caused by the absence of neurons in the whole brain, mainly in the medial temporal lobe hippocampus, imaging examination Parkinson’s disease Patients with Parkinson’s disease generally have no obvious abnormal changes on cranial MRI, while Alzheimer’s disease is seen on cranial MRI with brain atrophy mainly in the temporal lobe and hippocampus. 2. Symptoms Parkinson’s disease is mainly characterized by motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, myotonia, resting tremor, abnormal posture and gait. In the middle and late stages of Parkinson’s disease, patients may have memory loss, dementia, hallucinations and other non-motor symptoms, but still mainly motor symptoms. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease will have cognitive impairment, memory loss, and language impairment in the early stage, and mental behavior disorders, incontinence, and mobility problems in the late stage, without motor symptoms as in Parkinson’s disease. 3.Treatment Alzheimer’s disease cannot be cured yet, and is a lifelong disease that requires lifelong treatment. Current drug treatment modalities are: (1) Meperidine: antagonize NMDA antibodies, regulate the role of glutamate activity, improve cognitive function, used in the treatment of patients with intermediate and late stage Alzheimer’s disease. (2) Psychotropic drugs: such as fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, sertraline, etc., can control psychiatric symptoms, start at low doses, slowly increase the dose, and avoid long-term use. (3) Cholinesterase inhibitors: cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, carbaplatin and galantamine are the main drugs currently used to improve cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. AchE reduces the hydrolysis of acetylcholine released from presynaptic neurons into the synaptic gap by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic gap, thereby enhancing stimulation of cholinergic receptors. Parkinson’s disease, like Alzheimer’s disease, is not currently curable. Parkinson’s disease can be treated with medications and surgery to greatly reduce disease symptoms. Medication: Patients with Parkinson’s disease in the early stages have only mild symptoms, and if the symptoms do not interfere with daily work and life, patients do not necessarily need to take medication. For patients with obvious symptoms, medication is needed. Levodopa is currently the most effective drug for Parkinson’s, as well as dopamine agonists, anticholinergic drugs, and amantadine. Surgical treatment: In recent years, brain pacemaker surgery is a new breakthrough in the surgical treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It involves the application of minimally invasive neurosurgery to implant electrodes into a predetermined target area of the brain, which is then connected to a neurostimulator via an extension lead. Many studies have reported significant efficacy, and many patients can take significantly less medication and have significantly improved mobility after surgery.