TIPS is currently an important tool in the treatment of complications of portal hypertension, and preoperative evaluation of liver and renal function and liver imaging should be performed. tIPS is effective in preventing rebleeding from variceal vein rupture and also reduces the number of massive laparotomy aspirations for refractory ascites and the number of thoracentesis aspirations for hepatic pleural fluid. However, TIPS increases the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy and has little overall improvement in patient survival. TIPS should not be considered as the treatment of choice for complications of portal hypertension except for bleeding from ruptured gastric fundus or ectopic varices. tIPS should only be used in patients for whom medical therapy (i.e., medication, endoscopic therapy, diuretic therapy, repeated massive abdominal or thoracic puncture therapy) has failed. Surgical shunts and TIPS treatment are equivalent in patients with rebleeding from ruptured varices with good liver function. However, studies are now also showing that in patients with cirrhosis with poor liver function, early TIPS treatment after endoscopic therapy may improve patient survival. The types of Buga syndrome that are suitable for TIPS treatment are not yet clear, and the efficacy of TIPS for hepatorenal syndrome or hepatopulmonary syndrome needs to be further investigated. patients should be followed up regularly after TIPS, and TIPS stent function should be monitored regularly using Doppler ultrasound. The use of PTEF-coated stents can reduce the incidence of TIPS dysfunction, but continuous monitoring of the stent is still required.