It is a very painful thing for patients to suffer from esophageal cancer. When this disease appears, patients will feel pain behind the sternum, and this feeling will be more obvious when the disease is serious, and finally it will lead to patients’ death because the disease is not effectively controlled. The basis of prevention is to understand the causes of the disease. What are the main causes of esophageal cancer? 1.Genetic reasons Medical statistics show that about half of the patients have family history of heredity, so it can be seen that there is a certain relationship between the development factor of the disease and genetic factors. 2.Nitrosamines Medical experiments have proved that nitrosamines have strong carcinogenic properties and are widely found in foods such as sauerkraut, pickled vegetables and leftovers, which are the common factors of esophageal cancer. Clinically, certain esophageal diseases such as esophageal portal achalasia, esophagitis, benign esophageal stricture and other esophageal diseases can easily trigger esophageal cancer, which may be related to the long-term stimulation of esophageal mucosa. This is also one of the reasons to induce esophageal cancer. 4.Microelements Through the survey of esophageal cancer high incidence area, it is found that the content of microelements such as molybdenum, copper, iron and zinc in the water in the area is low. Therefore, we should pay attention to the intake of these trace elements and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. 5.Esophageal injury Esophageal injury can easily lead to esophageal lesion and cause esophageal cancer. People who like to eat hot food are most likely to cause damage to the esophagus, and if the damage is not controlled and treated in time, the wound will accumulate and not heal. It will induce esophageal cancer. Eat more foods with anti-esophageal cancer effect, such as kiwi, fig, shiitake mushroom, barley, olive, agar, etc.; eat more foods that improve swallowing difficulty, including carp, carp, oyster chicken, pear, walnut, milk, asparagus, etc. For chest pain and tightness, leek, marjoram, figs, almonds, eel, kiwi, capers, loach, honey, etc.; for erosion, lychee, knife beans, persimmon, walnuts, sugar cane, apple, radish, etc. Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and its mortality rate ranks the fourth among all malignant tumors. Early symptoms of esophageal cancer are often not obvious and easy to be ignored, so regular medical checkups are important. At present, the treatment methods of esophageal cancer mainly include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while about 80% of patients with esophageal cancer need radiotherapy throughout the course of the disease, and radiotherapy is becoming more and more prominent in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Early symptoms of esophageal cancer are mostly non-specific, and most people have no symptoms or only mild symptoms. Symptoms of esophageal cancer 1. For esophageal cancer disease, before death, patients show many symptoms. But the first symptom is difficulty in swallowing, which can be seen in the early stage, but it is more serious in the late stage. The esophagus is a muscular tubular organ with crazy function, and in the late stage, the cancer cells have already involved more than half of the esophagus, so it is difficult for the patient to eat before death, and it is difficult to swallow some liquid food, and it is even difficult to drink water. 2. Pain is caused by any disease, not to mention the serious disease of esophageal cancer. Patients with advanced esophageal cancer will have pain when swallowing food or swallowing, and pain behind the sternum or between the scapulae, and this pain will also occur in the subxiphoid process or upper abdomen, and there will be persistent chest and back pain. In advanced stage, esophageal cancer and inflammation may cause increased secretion of esophageal glands and salivary glands, causing some complications, such as choking and pneumonia, and it is still hard to stop the pain. Besides, patients with esophageal cancer may also show hoarse voice, which is usually caused by nerve compression. This is usually caused by the compression of the nerve. The cancerous tissue compresses the nerve and causes paralysis, and there are also symptoms of loss of voice, vomiting, respiratory symptoms, patients will have difficulty in breathing, and some patients will also hemoptysis, and patients cannot eat, most of them are thin before they die, which is one of the clinical manifestations of cachexia and represents that patients do not have much time to live. Under normal circumstances, the pain is unbearable when we receive a little injury, let alone for esophageal cancer patients, whose pain is unimaginable and unbearable for ordinary people, and all we have to do is to live a healthy life and maintain a good body. We should not only give them adequate and comprehensive care, but also pay attention to create a good treatment atmosphere and a good state of mind, which is conducive to their treatment.