Vascular surgical disease is a common and frequent disease affecting people’s health. With the progress of society and the rise of the aging rate of the population, the incidence of vascular diseases is increasing year by year. However, many people do not understand vascular diseases, resulting in indiscriminate medical phenomenon, and even many patients miss the best time for treatment, resulting in deterioration of the condition. What are vascular diseases? How to prevent and treat vascular diseases? Common vascular diseases are categorized into stenotic and dilative diseases. Stenotic diseases, such as: carotid artery stenosis, lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusion, renal artery stenosis, inferior vena cava obstruction syndrome, etc.. Dilative diseases, such as: various aneurysms, vascular malformations, arterial and venous leakage, vascular trauma. For carotid artery stenosis, lower limb atherosclerotic occlusion, renal artery stenosis, inferior vena cava obstruction syndrome, etc., they can be treated by endovascular resection and vascular diversion (bypass surgery) to solve the insufficient blood supply to the distal organs of the arterial system or the obstruction of the venous system’s return flow. Various aneurysms, vascular malformations, arteriovenous leakage and other dilatation diseases are to remove the diseased blood vessels and do vascular replacement if necessary. Vascular trauma can be used to surgically repair the damaged blood vessels. Director Cui said that in recent years, surgical treatment in the direction of minimally invasive treatment, vascular surgery is also the same, vascular surgery, traditional difficult surgery such as: thoracic aortic coarctation aneurysm, Bu-Ka syndrome can be in the imaging technology under the guidance of the vascular luminal treatment, the operation is simple, reducing complications and reducing the risk of surgery. Risk factors for vascular disease include advanced age, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Reminder: patients suffering from hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, “three high” and other diseases should pay attention to health care, eat a light diet, moderate activity, maintain a relaxed mood, pay attention to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease complications at the same time, but also pay close attention to vascular pathology, such as the emergence of monocular black haze or aphasia, limb swelling, sudden onset of severe pain in the lower limbs, should promptly go to a clinic equipped with a special equipment, and should not walk. If there is darkness in one eye or aphasia, swelling of the limbs, sudden severe pain in the lower limbs, and inability to walk, the patient should go to a hospital with a vascular surgery department in a timely manner, in order to seek for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, and to avoid more serious vascular lesions.