Perianal abscess is a common anal disease. The symptoms of perianal abscess are mainly painful swelling and swelling on the four sides of the anus and rectum, or accompanied by generalized infection. The signs are redness and swelling on all sides of the anus, and there is also pressure pain. Common types of perianal abscesses: 1. Sciatic rectal fossa abscess with systemic symptoms of toxicity such as peripheral discomfort, fever and chills, and elevated body temperature. Localized swelling, redness, burning pain, throbbing pain, pressure pain, restlessness, pain aggravated by activity and defecation, and difficulty in urination are seen on one side of the anus. 2.perianal subcutaneous abscess Mainly painful, initially swelling, throbbing pain when suppurating, pain aggravated when defecating, urinary retention can occur when abscess is in front of the anus, and pain in the caecal region when abscess is behind the anus. Systemic poisoning symptoms are light, local swelling, redness, pressure pain and fluctuating sensation. 3.Post-rectal abscess The systemic symptoms are similar to those of pelvic rectal fossa abscess, but the local symptoms are mainly soreness and pain in the caudal lumbar region, radiating to the back and both thighs, with pressure pain in the tailbone, and the patient cannot sit upright. 4.Pelvic rectal fossa abscess The systemic symptoms are heavy, starting with chills and high fever, peripheral fatigue, and in severe cases, toxic symptoms of sepsis may be present. The local symptoms are light, with only the manifestation of rectal cramping, soreness or discomfort, and difficulty in urination may occur. 5.Proctal submucosal abscesses: generalized discomfort, fatigue, fever. Local symptoms of rectal irritation mainly, including urgency, cramping, frequent bowel movements or feeling of bowel movement. Unlike the above-mentioned bacterial infections, tuberculous perianorectal abscesses are often chronic, with abscesses forming only after weeks or months, local pain is not severe, accompanied by low fever, and local redness and swelling are not obvious. The whole body examination can reveal tuberculosis lesions in the lungs, large intestine or other parts of the body, and pus culture can find Mycobacterium tuberculosis.