Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy of lumbar pool-peritoneal shunt (LPS) and traditional lateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in the treatment of traffic hydrocephalus. Methods From October 2010 to October 2013, we analyzed the data of 65 patients with traffic hydrocephalus admitted to our department, including 27 patients in the LPS group and 38 patients in the VPS group. We compared the significance of the differences in efficacy and postoperative complications between the two groups. Results: The postoperative follow-up ranged from 2 to 36 months, with an average of 14.9 months. 23 cases (85.2%) were effective in the LPS group and 4 cases (14.8%) were ineffective; 31 cases (81.5%) were effective in the VPS group and 7 cases (18.5%) were ineffective. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0. 175). In contrast, the complication rate was 11.1% in the LPS group and 23.7% in the VPS group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0. 05). Conclusion There is no significant difference between the efficacy of LPS and VPS in the treatment of traffic hydrocephalus, but LPS has the advantages of less complications, less trauma, and faster recovery of patients, which is worth promoting. Hydrocephalus is a common disease in neurosurgery and can be divided into traffic and obstructive hydrocephalus, for which there are many surgical management methods, the most common being the traditional lateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS), but the lumbar pool-abdominal shunt (Lumboperitoneal shunt) is now gradually emerging. Lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) for the management of traffic hydrocephalus. From October 2010 to October 2013, 65 cases of traffic hydrocephalus were admitted to our hospital and 27 cases of LPS and 38 cases of VPS were performed. 1 Data and methods 1. 1 Clinical data 1. 1. 1 LPS group: Of the 27 cases in this group, 18 were male and 9 were female. The age ranged from 16 to 65 years old, with an average of 41.2 years old. The etiology included: craniocerebral injury in 20 cases, cerebrovascular disease with hemorrhage in 6 cases, and infection in 1 case. Glasgow score (GCS): 3-5 points in 5 cases, 6-8 points in 12 cases, 9-15 points in 10 cases. The intracranial pressure was determined by preoperative lumbar puncture: 16 cases of high cranial pressure hydrocephalus (pressure >200 mmH2O) and 9 cases of normal cranial pressure hydrocephalus (pressure 70-200 mmH2O). 1. 1. 2 VPS group: Of the 38 cases, 24 were male and 14 were female. Age ranged from 6 to 68 years, with a mean of 39 . 3 years old. GCS: 3-5 points in 8 cases, 6-8 points in 12 cases, 9-15 points in 18 cases. There were 25 cases of high cranial pressure hydrocephalus and 13 cases of normal cranial pressure hydrocephalus. 1. 2 Patient selection criteria (1) All were diagnosed with traffic hydrocephalus by head CT and/or MRI and lumbar puncture before surgery; (2) all preoperative routine biochemical tests of cerebrospinal fluid were normal or near normal; (3) all were first-time recipients of cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery; (4) preoperative MRI and/or X-ray of the lumbar spine and ultrasound of the abdomen, no contraindications to spinal and abdominal surgery; (5) preoperative exclusion of patients with LPS Occipital foramen magnum hernia. 1. 3 Surgical method 1. 3. 1 LPS group: performed under general anesthesia, lateral recumbency, knee flexion, lumbar 3/4 or upper and lower intervertebral space selected as the puncture site, longitudinal incision of skin and subcutaneous tissue of about 0.5 cm, selected 12-gauge special puncture needle after successful puncture, placement of the lumbar pool catheter, lumbar pool left 4-7 cm, depending on the height of the puncture site to determine the direction of the catheter towards the head or sacrococcygeal, in the lumbar puncture site towards the iliac region, a subcutaneous tunnel, valve A subcutaneous tunnel is made in the lumbar puncture site toward the iliac region, and the valve and reservoir are placed subcutaneously at the posterior superior iliac spine. The right lower abdomen or left lower abdomen (depending on the lateral position) is selected, and an incision of approximately 4 cm is made transversely in the external and external 1/3 of the line between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus, and the skin, subcutaneous tissue, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, and extraperitoneal fat are dissected in layers, and the peritoneum is incised and the shunt is placed approximately 30 cm toward the pelvis. The proximal and distal shunts were connected to the valve, respectively, and the wounds were sutured and dressed, and the operation was completed. The average operation time in this group was 40.5 min. 1. 3. 2 VPS group: The operation was performed under general anesthesia with the patient in the supine position, and the frontal horn of the ventricle was punctured, and the guidewire was withdrawn after seeing the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid, and the length of the ventricular end into the lateral ventricle was adjusted to about 4. 5 cm. the shunt valve was fixed under the skin behind the ear, and the shunt tube connected to the shunt valve was led through the subcutaneous tunnel of the head, neck, and chest to the subcutaneous ventral end of the subxiphoid process The incision was made and the ventral end was placed free in the direction of the iliac fossa of the abdominal cavity with a preserved length of approximately 30 cm. 1. 4 Clinical outcome evaluation criteria Excellent: patients with significant improvement in symptoms (consciousness, intelligence, mobility, even seizures, headache, dizziness, etc.) and imaging (CT or MRI) showing a reduction in the shunt or the entire ventricular system, with no or a small amount of subdural fluid. Good: patients with gradual improvement of symptoms during follow-up and unsatisfactory improvement of imaging (e.g., insignificant shrinkage of ventricles, insignificant shrinkage of confined cysts, but with reopening of brain tissue at hydrocephalus and no interstitial cerebral edema); excellent is called effective. Fair: patients with no significant improvement in symptoms, or those with slight improvement in condition but no change in imaging Poor: patients with no improvement in symptoms or even complications and no change in imaging (at hydrocephalus); fair and poor are called ineffective.