The main changes in the summer climate are characterized by increased UV exposure, rising temperatures and humidity, as well as the beginning of a proliferation of various insects. Common summer skin diseases are often closely related to these factors. The following is a brief introduction to the common knowledge of several common summer skin diseases.
1.Photosensitive skin diseases
This is caused by the body’s strong reaction to sunlight and is mostly seen in fair-skinned people. Longer exposure to sunlight on the exposed skin can cause redness and swelling on the back of the hands and face, and even blisters, called photosensitive dermatitis. In addition, although lupus erythematosus and freckles do not belong to photosensitive skin diseases, they may be aggravated by sunlight exposure. Prevention of photosensitive dermatoses is mainly to avoid photosensitive substances and direct sunlight exposure.
2.Sweat disorder skin diseases
In hot weather, the skin “breathing” difficulties, sweat excretion is not smooth, so the skin disease accumulation in the skin formed, such as prickly heat, sweat sore rash, sweat cysts. The prevention method is to wipe off sweat from the body in time, and ventilation to cool down, clothing should be spacious and breathable.
3, microbial infection skin disease
Sweat impregnated skin, dust adhesion, easy to attract staphylococcus, streptococcus and fungal infection, easy to cause folliculitis, impetigo, sweat spots, etc.. Prevention is to bathe and change clothes regularly to avoid sweat stains and bacterial infections and keep the skin clean.
4. Contact dermatitis
This is due to the indiscriminate use of skin medication, the symptoms of which are erythema, swelling, blisters, etc. on the skin of the contact area, feeling burning, itching or pain. The prevention method is the occurrence of skin inflammation, not to blindly buy some drugs to apply, but must be under the guidance of a doctor reasonable use of various types of drugs for the treatment of skin diseases.
5.Prickly heat
It is caused by high temperature and humidity in the environment, excessive sweating, which cannot evaporate in time, resulting in blockage of sweat pores and the accumulation or rupture of sweat, some of which are manifested as small rice-grain-sized superficial blisters. Some of these blisters are easily broken and healed by mild desquamation, mostly in infants and pregnant women, and are called white prickly heat.
Prevention and treatment.
① Indoor ventilation and cooling should be paid attention to during the summer season to avoid overly wet environment and high temperature.
Clothing should be generous to reduce sweating and facilitate evaporation of sweat. Change clothes regularly.
③ Try to keep the skin dry and wipe sweat with a dry towel. Obese people, infants and mothers should bathe regularly, but do not use cold water. Wipe dry and put on prickly heat powder.
Treatment can be cool, astringent and anti-itch drugs. After washing and drying with warm water, keep the skin dry and clean. Apply powder topically. If pustular prickly heat occurs, go to the hospital and do comprehensive treatment.
6, sunburn and photosensitive dermatitis
Sunburn is often caused by sudden over exposure to the sun, and is characterized by erythema, blistering, and general discomfort 3-6 hours after exposure to the sun. Prevention of sunburn should first be avoided in strong sunlight exposure, should be gradual, gradually increase the amount of exposure. Treatment is generally symptomatic and can be topical with protective agents such as various emollients, glycolic lotions, corticosteroid creams, etc. Serious cases should consult a doctor and seek medical attention in a timely manner.
Photosensitivity dermatitis is caused by some people’s allergy to ultraviolet light, only seen in a small number of people, these people usually after 1-2 days after the onset of sun exposure, rash mostly on the face, neck and front of the neck “V” shaped area, the back of the hands and the outer upper limbs, manifested as small papules, small blisters, conscious itching, serious non-light areas can also be rash, not painful, itchy. The itching is obvious and disappears very slowly. If not actively treated, chronic photosensitive skin disease can develop. Because the onset is related to allergies, these people should pay attention to light prevention every summer, from 9:00 to 5:00 p.m. every day, it is best not to go out, when you must go out to wear long-sleeved clothes, wear a wide brimmed hat, play umbrella, in addition to a variety of sunscreen.
7.Papular urticaria
This disease is related to mosquito bites, such as bedbugs, fleas, lice, mites, mosquitoes and other insect bites on the skin after the injection of saliva, induced by allergic reactions. The rash is a green bean to peanut-sized slightly fusiform red windbag-like damage, often with small blisters at the top, some for the hemispherical elevation of the tension of large blisters, the rash mostly occurs on the trunk, limbs, can be in patches or scattered, itching obvious. The main preventive measures are to go to the grass, shade or humid places where there are many mosquitoes and insects as little as possible, and to be careful not to use safflower oil etc. after the rash occurs, because it can sometimes cause allergy and make the disease worse.
8. Tinea pedis and ringworm
Tinea pedis and tinea cruris are skin diseases caused by fungal infections that often worsen in the summer because of the fungal preference for warmth and humidity. Tinea pedis manifests as peeling, macerated erosions between the toes or most blisters on the lateral edge of the foot, which may or may not be itchy, and the rash may gradually expand outward if left untreated. Tinea capitis manifests as a ring-shaped erythematous desquamation of the inner thighs and buttock fissures that is eccentrically enlarged, often surrounded by small papules, and is self-induced itching or pain. Both tinea cruris and ringworm are contagious, so you should avoid sharing hygiene utensils such as towels and slippers, and change your shoes and socks and underwear regularly. Treatment can be done in different ways such as puffing prickly powder between the toes and on the femur or using various antifungal drugs.
The above describes the prevention and treatment of several common summer skin diseases, patients can follow the above basic principles if the situation is urgent or inconvenient to go to the hospital, but it should be noted that many skin diseases look very similar, but in fact are completely different diseases, so as long as the conditions allow, it is best to go to the regular hospital dermatology department for consultation and treatment in order to get timely diagnosis and treatment. In particular, those who have tried to treat themselves but have not been effective or whose condition has worsened should seek medical attention in a timely manner.