Recently, a 15-month-old child with congenital achalasia of the cardia underwent a gastroscopy-guided laparoscopic lower esophagus and cardia myotomy in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Qingdao Hospital of Qilu Hospital, a first in Shandong Province. Recently, the child has been successfully discharged from the hospital. It is understood that the baby girl has been vomiting since birth after eating, and then vomiting symptoms gradually aggravated, when the weight is significantly lower than normal age children. The child was admitted to the pediatric surgery department of the hospital, after upper gastrointestinal imaging, gastroscopy and other examinations were diagnosed as cardia atelectasis, is a relatively rare esophageal disease, especially congenital infants cardia atelectasis is very rare. According to Zhang Lei, director of pediatric surgery at the hospital, the traditional surgical approach to cardia atelectasis is mainly open-heart surgery, and sometimes open-heart surgery is also used, which is typically a giant invasive surgery with a high complication rate. This time, the extremely minimally invasive “gastroscopy-guided laparoscopic lower esophagus and cardia myotomy” has the advantages of fast recovery, few complications, short hospital stay and aesthetics, especially for children and infants.