Elderly people with multiple muscle pains, weakness, poor appetite and weight loss need to be alerted to “rheumatic polymyalgia”. “Rheumatic polymyalgia” is common in elderly women older than 50 years old, and it is easy to develop in spring and autumn. The main manifestations are symmetrical muscle pain and stiffness in the neck, back, shoulder and hip, and some are accompanied by joint pain, most notably in the shoulder, knee and wrist joints, often accompanied by unexplained fever; blood tests may reveal elevated blood sedimentation and CRP, rheumatoid factor and autoantibodies are mostly negative, and joint ultrasound indicates non-erosive arthritis. Once diagnosed, “rheumatic polymyalgia” requires immediate treatment. According to the latest guidelines in 2015, long-term treatment with small doses of hormones (e.g., prednisone 7.5-30 mg/d) is still recommended, as NSAIDs are generally difficult to relieve; the minimum course of treatment needs to be >12 months, with induction of remission followed by a reduction to prednisone 10 mg/d and then a very slow reduction (approximately 1 mg every 4 weeks, as we do not have a 1 mg dose of prednisone, we can (using the alternate-day tapering method); due to long-term hormone use, hormone side effects need to be considered, and calcium and osteoporosis supplements should be actively taken to prevent osteoporosis; for high-risk groups (elderly women with difficult-to-control hypertension, diabetes, and severe osteoporosis), methylprednisolone intramuscular therapy can be considered; prednisone is best taken in a morning dose pattern unless pain is evident at night, and when prednisone has been reduced to 5 mg/d Patients with “rheumatic polymyalgia” can do some exercises to prevent muscle atrophy. There is no evidence that herbal preparations can effectively relieve the disease.