HPV16 is a high-risk type of one of the many genetic subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a human papillomavirus with multiple genotypes, and HPV infection of different genotypes can lead to different clinical lesions. Based on biological characteristics and oncogenic potential, HPV is classified into high-risk and low-risk types. Mucosal high-risk types such as HPV16, HPV18, HPV30, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV39, HPV45, HPV51, HPV52, HPV56, HPV58, HPV59, HPV66 and HPV68 are associated with cervical cancer, rectal cancer, oral cancer and tonsil cancer, especially HPV16 and HPV18 types. HPV is biologically active, tolerates drying and survives, and can be inactivated by heating or by formaldehyde treatment, so high-temperature disinfection and 2% glutaraldehyde disinfection can be inactivated. The peak age of high-risk type HPV infection is 20-30 years old, the infection at this stage is temporary and the infection rate is high, which can reach 25%-30%, after which the infection rate gradually decreases, and 5%-10% after the age of 35 years old is the state of high-risk HPV persistent infection. Therefore, HPV is a kind of human papilloma virus, and HPV16 is a high-risk type of virus, and its infection is related to the development of cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions in women. Therefore, once the body is found to be positive for HPV16 infection, colposcopic biopsy needs to be done in a timely manner in order to detect the presence of cervical precancerous lesions in the cervix as early as possible for timely treatment.