In 2012, the National Tumor Registry received 2009 tumor registry data from 104 tumor registries across China. Through comprehensive review of the reported data, data from 72 registries were selected to reflect the incidence and mortality levels of malignant tumors in 2009 in areas covered by tumor registries in China. The selected data covered a population of 85.47 million, including 31 urban areas (57.49 million people) and 41 rural areas (27.89 million people), and the registration results were alarming. The incidence rate (crude rate) in the national registration area was 285.91/100,000, and the standardized rate for the Chinese population was 146.87/100,000, with a cumulative rate (0-74 years) of 22.08%. The mortality rate (crude rate) of malignant neoplasm in the national registration area is 180.54/100,000, the standardized rate of Chinese population is 85.06/100,000, and the cumulative rate (0-74 years) is 12.94% for the chance of death due to cancer in our population. This makes also means that about one in every five people will probably develop cancer and about one in every eight people will probably die of cancer! Malignant tumor incidence The top ten malignant tumors are mainly lung cancer, digestive system cancer (stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer), breast cancer, lymphoma, bladder cancer, and thyroid cancer. These ten types of tumors account for 76.39% of all malignant tumor incidence. The tumors with the highest incidence of malignant tumors are: lung cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer; the highest incidence in men is lung cancer and in women is breast cancer. The first malignant tumor incidence in urban areas is lung cancer for men and breast cancer for women; the first malignant tumor incidence in rural areas is stomach cancer for both men and women. Compared with rural areas, the incidence rate of urban crude is higher than rural areas, while the standardized incidence rate of Chinese population is lower for urban men and higher for women than rural areas. The incidence rate of malignant tumors in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas before the age of 40 and after the age of 75 for men, and higher than that in rural areas from 50 to 74 years old; for women, except for the age of 60 to 64 years old, which was lower than that in rural areas, all other age groups were higher than that in rural areas. Mortality rate of malignant tumors The overall mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas, while the mortality rate of males is slightly lower than that in rural areas. The top ten malignant tumor deaths are lung cancer, digestive system cancer (liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer), breast cancer, leukemia, brain cancer, and lymphoma. These ten types of tumors account for 84.27% of all malignant tumors. Lung cancer is the leading malignant tumor death in both men and women, and in both urban and rural areas.