Ancestral medicine plays a very important role in the treatment of pain. Acupuncture, tui na, and herbal medicine used internally and externally are commonly used to treat chronic soft tissue injury pain, and these non-pharmacological therapies have become the preferred choice for pain patients because of their simplicity of use and safety. After the first successful treatment of kidney stones with Extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) by Chaussy in 1980, the scope of shock wave treatment has gradually expanded from lithotripsy and treatment of non-healing fractures to various chronic pain treatment fields in the last decade, and has been rapidly developed at home and abroad because of its efficacy. Extracorporeal shock wave is a special form of acoustic wave, with high pressure, short period, only 10μs, frequency of 16-20MHz, can be propagated in three-dimensional space. The best transmission medium for ESW is water and gelatin, and the acoustic impedance of skin, fat, muscle and other tissues is close to that of water, so the shock wave is less damaging to skin, fat, muscle and connective tissue and has high safety. I. The mechanism of extracorporeal shock wave for soft tissue pain: The mechanism of analgesic effect of extracorporeal shock wave is not fully understood. Some scholars believe that shock waves can reduce or relieve pain by increasing the pain threshold; other scholars believe that the shock waves can cause the piezoelectric and cavitation effects of tension and compressive stress, which can change the cellular potential of the impacted area and produce the biological effect of charge change to treat the disease. In addition, high-energy shock waves produce a series of physical effects inside the bone and tendon, thus releasing the adhesions and achieving the purpose of treating the disease. It has been suggested that the pain of joints and muscles originates to a large extent from soft tissue adhesions, and shock waves produce local release of soft tissues through high energy at the point of pain, and this mechanism may be an important reason for the good efficacy of shock waves, which has a significant effect on limb pain, especially the release of focal pain areas in muscles, tendons, tendon attachment points and fascia. Shock waves can pass through body fluids and tissues to reach the affected area. When it enters the body, due to its contact with different media, such as fat, tendons, ligaments and other soft tissues, as well as skeletal tissues, different mechanical stress effects will be generated at the interface between different properties of the tissue, which is manifested as different tensile and compressive stresses on the cells. Tensile stress can induce inter-tissue relaxation and promote microcirculation; compressive stress can induce cellular elastic deformation and increase cellular oxygen uptake, thus achieving therapeutic purposes. Clinical observation shows that the pain is obvious in patients within 100 shocks initially, and then gradually reduced, probably due to the strong action of ESW on human tissues, the local high-intensity shock wave can produce super-stimulation on nerve endings, causing changes in free radicals around the cells and releasing pain-inhibiting substances; high-intensity stimulation of nociceptive nerve receptors reduces nerve sensitivity and blocked nerve conduction function, thus relieving pain; ESW also provides pain relief. ESW can also change the frequency of pain acceptance by the injury receptors, change the composition of chemical mediators around the injury receptors, inhibit the transmission of pain information, thus relieving pain. Indications for shock wave therapy: Patients with chronic soft tissue injury pain diseases for which general physical therapy, drug therapy and local closure are ineffective, such as: subacromial bursitis, biceps long head tendonitis, calcific supraspinatus tendonitis, humeral medial epicondylitis, humeral epicondylitis, elastic hip, jumping knee, heel pain and plantar fasciitis, tenosynovitis, frozen shoulder, osteoarthritis, lumbar muscle strain, femoral head necrosis, etc. Contraindications: severe systemic diseases, severe heart disease, hypertension, pacemaker installation, bleeding disorders, disorders of coagulation mechanisms, children under 14 years of age and pregnant women. Local factors include active period of infection, skin rupture, acute injury to tendon and fascia, pathological fracture, etc. Examples of the application of extracorporeal shock wave chronic pain treatment: Heel pain: It is a chronic and persistent disease that plagues many middle-aged and elderly people in clinical practice. The main manifestation is pain in the heel, combined with active or passive activity limitation, most of which are accompanied by the presence of heel bone spurs. Extracorporeal shock wave, as a new treatment method, has been used by many scholars for its ability to reduce pain and to crack calcified deposits, with good results. External humeral epicondylitis: also known as tennis elbow, the common symptoms are pain, limitation of movement and muscle atrophy. Treatment is based on pain relief and release of adhesions. Conventional non-surgical treatment methods include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ultrasound therapy, local hormone injections, physical therapy and laser treatment, but none of them have sustained and definite efficacy. In recent years, extracorporeal shock wave has been used to treat tennis elbow with good results. Extracorporeal shock wave is a non-invasive treatment technique with rapid onset and precise efficacy. It is a safe, reliable and less painful physical treatment method, especially in the treatment of some chronic soft tissue injury pain diseases, which is safer and more effective than traditional surgical treatment, and non-invasive, non-side effects, relatively simple operation and shorter treatment time, and is a good choice for doctors and patients.