Pathology
Knee arthroplasty is currently an effective treatment for joint ankylosis, severe osteoarthritis, and large bone defects formed after removal due to trauma or tumor. The most widely used nowadays are artificial total hip replacement and artificial total knee replacement.
Symptoms
Patients undergoing arthroplasty suffer from recurrent, progressive, and chronic pain that worsens with activity due to long-term joint disorders, such as aggressive osteoarthropathy, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-traumatic arthritis, and other conservative treatments are not effective. After joint replacement surgery, patients also feel more intense acute postoperative pain due to surgical trauma, which is gradually relieved by postoperative progression over time, as well as by medications and physical therapy.
Rehabilitation programs and exercise therapy
Rehabilitation evaluation and treatment is crucial in joint replacement surgery; it is not a supplement or a refinement after joint replacement surgery, but an essential part of ensuring successful joint replacement surgery. The goal is not only to obtain maximum reconstruction of joint function and maximum enhancement of the patient’s ability to perform daily life; it is also to minimize postoperative complications. In addition, the goal of rehabilitation is to return the patient to his or her family, and eventually to society and to work. Therefore, a good rehabilitation is important for the outcome of joint replacement.
Rehabilitation for joint replacement is provided before and after surgical treatment. Reasonable preoperative rehabilitation training/treatment will create good conditions for surgery and alleviate the difficulties of postoperative motor training and create good conditions for functional recovery after surgery.
Early 1-2 days
1.Ankle pump exercises
50 pcs/set, 4 sets/day. This exercise is important for preventing swelling several deep vein thrombosis and promoting blood circulation in the affected limb, and should be practiced carefully.
2.Contraction and relaxation exercises of quadriceps muscle
Greater than 300 times/day. It should be done as much as possible without increasing the pain.
3.CPM (Passive knee mobilizer)
4.Straight leg lift exercises
5.Dumbbell exercises for both upper limbs
Late 1 to 3 months
1.Practice fully weight-bearing up and down steps
2.Half squat exercises
3.Fixed bicycle exercises
4.Balance function and proprioception
(1) At this time, some patients still feel some tightness in the knee joint, which is mainly due to the formation of postoperative scar, so at this time must strengthen the quadriceps, N cord muscle and calf triceps pulling exercises and release the scar adhesions at the surgical incision, also can be combined with the quadriceps stretching massage.
(2) Some patients may experience soreness in the affected knee joint after high doses of functional exercises, which is a normal response to postoperative rehabilitation.
(3) The sensation of the affected knee joint is not completely satisfactory at this stage, and there may be a “numbness” in the skin area around the surgical wound or an intermittent or pulsating “overdrive-like” pain outside the incision. These are mainly due to the regeneration of the neurocutaneous branches that innervate the skin in the area of the surgical incision, and the above symptoms usually disappear on their own after six months.
Within three months after surgery, the affected knee often has low fever and a weak positive floating patella test, which is mainly due to the body’s reaction to the implantation of the prosthesis or due to the stimulation of the knee joint during functional training, and the above symptoms will gradually disappear and return to normal within six months after surgery. If the affected knee is hot, swollen and swollen, and the patella test is significant, you should contact your surgeon.
Exercises to be avoided.
1, jogging.
Ball games such as handball, squash, soccer, basketball, baseball, softball, soccer, volleyball, etc.