During breast cancer treatment, ensuring adequate nutrition supply is helpful to reduce treatment side effects, improve treatment tolerance and efficacy, and promote rapid regeneration of damaged cells. However, good nutrition is not the better. Both wasting and obesity are considered malnutrition, and rapid weight gain should be avoided during the treatment period as well. During the recovery period of breast cancer, attention should be paid to maintain body weight in the normal range, and obese patients should control body fat appropriately. In addition, patients should maintain a healthy lifestyle, abstain from alcohol and limit the intake of sugary foods to prevent blood glucose from rising. Dietary principles for breast cancer 1. Maintain a healthy weight: To ensure a healthy body, you can find a nutritionist to develop a menu that suits you and insist on proper exercise. BMI = weight (kg) / height (m2). The evaluation criteria are as follows: 2. Limit the intake of pure sugar and fine grains: sugar (carbohydrates) is one of the important sources of energy and should be consumed in moderation every day, but the intake of pure sugar and other high-energy foods, such as sugary drinks, cakes, cookies, French fries, doughnuts, candy, sweet potatoes, etc. should be limited. At the same time reduce the intake of fine grains, using some coarse grains to replace, such as buckwheat, oats, barley, red beans and rice instead of white rice, with whole wheat or mixed flour buns instead of white bread and buns. White sugar, sugar thins, honey, etc., are used only in small amounts when cooking. When eating staple foods, it is best to eat them together with vegetables and protein-rich foods. 3. Reduce the intake of animal fat: Fat is the main source of calories for our body, but if consumed in excess, it may induce obesity and increase the risk of cancer occurrence or recurrence. Because especially after menopause, excess body fat will increase the level of estrogen in the body. Therefore, meat should be selected from parts with less fat (tendon, loin crest, plum meat, etc.) and the fatty parts seen by the eyes should be removed before cooking. Cooking methods should avoid frying and stir-frying, and methods such as baking, steaming and stewing with less oil are recommended. Although nuts are vegetable fats, a small amount of nuts can release a lot of heat and should be consumed in moderation. (12 peanuts or 2 walnuts per day); milk and dairy products are preferable to low-fat products. 4, improve the intake of fresh vegetables, moderate consumption of fruit: vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins, trace elements and minerals, as well as health benefits of dietary fiber and phytochemicals, which are beneficial to our health, but fruits are higher in sugar and calories than vegetables, and should be consumed in moderation. It is recommended to consume 1 pound of vegetables of various colors and 1~2 fruits of various colors every day. 5, moderate intake of protein: protein is an important nutrient for our body. In order to help regenerate white blood cells and maintain proper muscle mass after treatment, attention should be paid to the intake of moderate amounts of protein. Choose 1-2 kinds of protein foods from eggs, tofu, fish, lean meats, etc. at each meal, 1-2 taels of each as a side dish. Should minimize the consumption of sausages, ham and other processed foods and straight fire barbecue food, more stewing, boiling, steaming cooking methods. 6. Try to quit drinking: Research results show that alcohol increases the concentration of estrogen in the blood, which may have an impact on the development of breast cancer. Women who drink 2 to 5 glasses of alcohol a day have 1.5 times higher risk of breast cancer than women who do not drink alcohol, so please do not drink alcohol as much as possible. Exercise Principles for Breast Cancer Patients One of the effective ways to prevent and beat breast cancer is to stick to physical activity. Regular exercise can help prevent breast cancer from recurring and improve the overall quality of life, providing a variety of effects such as restoring physical fitness, improving mood and sleep, and bone health. 1. Make an exercise plan for each period and stage: Before starting to exercise, you should first understand what level of exercise you can carry out. The stage of their own treatment, treatment caused by the sequelae and side effects to fully understand, consider the endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, etc. required to exercise, gradually increase the difficulty, adhere to the exercise is most important. 2, choose the appropriate form and intensity of exercise: appropriate exercise is important. After surgery, the movement of the arm is restricted, so it is necessary to start with exercises that promote blood and lymphatic circulation and do not burden the shoulder joint. In anti-cancer treatment, low-intensity aerobic exercises can be performed to promote body recovery and preserve muscle strength and energy. In the case of radiation therapy with fewer side effects, shoulder extension exercises that are helpful for treatment should be implemented at the same time. After treatment, it is recommended that aerobic exercise and plyometric exercise be combined to gradually increase the amount of exercise. 3. Gradually increase the duration of exercise: within 4~6 weeks after the end of treatment, exercise about 3 times a week at 40~50% of the maximum exercise capacity, 10-15 minutes a day. Stretching, freehand gymnastics or low-impact exercises are preferred, increasing to 45 minutes starting after 2 weeks. Thereafter, by 4-6 months, increase the intensity to 85% of the maximum exercise capacity, increasing the exercise time at 2-3 week intervals. After this period, after 6 months, continue regular exercise in order to maintain the improved cardiorespiratory endurance that has been achieved. 4, find the right exercise program for yourself: consider the type and intensity of exercise, goals and many other factors, it is very important to choose a suitable exercise program that is helpful to you, and adhere to the most effective exercise methods. Especially, walking is easy to master the intensity by yourself and very safe, and it is one of the easiest exercises for cancer patients to start. There is a simple way to differentiate the intensity of exercise. If you can sing while exercising, it is low intensity exercise, if you can talk freely, it is moderate intensity exercise, if you can gasp when talking, it is high intensity exercise. Perform moderate intensity exercise for more than 30 minutes a day, more than 5 days a week. If you can’t keep exercising because you’re at work, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends “150 minutes or more of moderate intensity exercise a week,” which is also helpful. 5. Physical activity in daily life can have the same effect as exercise, which can increase the consumption of calories and prevent the recurrence of breast cancer. You can buy a pedometer and other devices to measure the amount of exercise you do. You should set a target amount of exercise for 1 week or 1 month and make a habit of sticking to it. If you set a daily exercise goal of 30 minutes, do not be greedy to finish it at once, 10 minutes in the morning, 10 minutes at noon, 10 minutes at night, and so on in several times is better. If you stay seated for a long time to deal with business, you can set an alarm to get up from your seat every hour and move your body.