Pharmacological treatment of coronary artery disease includes: 1. Nitrates: Its mechanism of action is to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption by dilating venous and peripheral arterial vessels and coronary arteries, thereby increasing blood flow in the collateral circulation of the heart and bringing relief to angina pectoris. In addition, it also has the effect of reducing platelet adhesion. The main drugs in this class are: nitroglycerin, isosorbide nitrate (cardiac pain relief), isosorbide 5-mononitrate, long-acting nitroglycerin preparation, etc. Nitrates are the regular first-line drugs for patients with stable angina pectoris. Nitroglycerin can be administered sublingually during angina attacks. For patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris, the drug should be given intravenously first, and then changed to oral after the condition is stable and the symptoms improve, and the drug can be stopped after the pain symptoms disappear completely. Nitrate drugs can be used continuously to develop resistance, effectiveness decreases, it is best to take the drug at intervals of 8-12 hours to reduce resistance. 2.Anticoagulant drugs: The role of thrombin and platelets in blood are the two main links that promote each other in thrombosis, so antithrombotic therapy mainly targets two links, which are called anticoagulant therapy and antiplatelet therapy. Anti-platelet drugs mainly include aspirin, clopidogrel (Bolivar) and abciximab, which are mainly used for stable and unstable angina and can inhibit platelet aggregation to avoid clot formation and blockage of blood vessels. Aspirin is the drug of choice, and the maintenance dose is 100 mg daily in a single dose. The side effect of aspirin is irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, so it needs to be taken immediately after dinner and should be used with caution in patients with gastric ulcer. Patients with coronary artery disease should adhere to long-term dosing. Oral clopidogrel 75 mg daily for at least one year should be adhered to after interventional therapy. Anticoagulants, mainly heparin and low-molecular heparin, hirudin and warfarin, are mainly used for unstable angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction. In addition, thrombolytic drugs (streptokinase, urokinase, tissue-type fibrinogen activator, etc.), which can dissolve the thrombus already formed at the coronary occlusion, are used for the timely treatment of acute myocardial infarction attack. 3. β-blockers: Since β-blockers can slow down heart rate, lower blood pressure and reduce myocardial contraction, thus reducing the patient’s oxygen consumption, reducing the onset of symptomatic and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia caused by exertion and agitation, and improving the patient’s exercise tolerance. At the same time, beta-blockers have the effect of inhibiting sympathetic overactivity, reducing the resulting severe and even fatal arrhythmias. In the absence of significant contraindications, beta-blockers are the first-line agents for patients with stable angina pectoris. In patients with unstable angina, it can reduce the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and is the drug of choice for non-antiplatelet therapy, and is more effective in combination with nitrates. It can reduce the mortality rate in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and is also a drug that should be taken for a long time after heart attack and intervention. Commonly used drugs include metoprolol, atenolol, bisoprolol and carvedilol, which also has alpha-blocking effect. One of the above drugs can be used. 4, calcium antagonists: its effect is to inhibit or reduce coronary vasospasm, inhibit myocardial contraction, dilate peripheral resistance vessels and coronary arteries, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and increase coronary blood flow, some calcium antagonists can also slow down the heart rate. They are generally well tolerated, increase patient endurance and relieve symptoms, and can be used in the treatment of stable angina pectoris and angina pectoris caused by coronary artery spasm. They are generally considered to have the same effect as beta-blockers and are especially indicated for certain conditions where beta-blockers are contraindicated, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and peripheral vascular disease. Commonly used drugs include: verapamil, nifedipine, nifedipine controlled release, extended release, diltiazem, etc. 5, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors / aldosterone receptor antagonists: these drugs have cardioprotective effects, can reduce coronary artery endothelial damage, anti-inflammatory effects, promote vasodilation, anti-thrombotic, anti-coagulation and other utility. These drugs should be used in patients with acute myocardial infarction or recent myocardial infarction combined with cardiac insufficiency, especially those with hypertension who cannot control ischemic symptoms with beta-blockers and nitroglycerin. Commonly used drugs are: enalapril, benazepril, ramipril, fosinopril, etc. Drug therapy in the treatment of coronary heart disease in the elderly, the general treatment of drugs are: 1, nitrate preparations: its role in dilating veins, diastolic arterial vascular, reduce the pre and afterload of the heart, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption; at the same time make myocardial blood redistribution, conducive to the perfusion of myocardium in the ischemic area. The representative drugs are nitroglycerin, isosorbide nitrate, etc. 2, β-blockers: can block excessive catecholamine excitation β receptors, thus slowing down the heart rate, weakening myocardial contraction and speed, reducing blood pressure, so as to significantly reduce myocardial oxygen consumption; this drug can also increase the blood supply to the ischemic area, improve myocardial metabolism, inhibit platelet function, etc., so it is a common drug for patients with various types of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. At the same time, β-blockers are the only drugs for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction. It has been proved that β-blockers reduce the cardiac death rate, sudden death rate and reinfarction rate in those who survive after infarction. Calcium antagonists: By non-competitively blocking the voltage-sensitive L-type calcium channels, calcium enters the cell via the slow channels in the cell membrane, which reduces the inward flow of calcium and inhibits the passage of calcium through the myocardial and smooth muscle membranes, thereby reducing myocardial oxygen consumption and improving myocardial efficiency; reducing ventricular load; and directly protecting the ischemic myocardium. At the same time, this drug can increase myocardial blood supply in the ischemic area, inhibit platelet aggregation, promote the production and release of endogenous nitric oxide, and other pharmacological effects. It is the most important drug in the clinical treatment of coronary heart disease in the elderly. 4.Lipid-regulating drugs, anticoagulation and antiplatelet drugs: they work on the pathogenesis to slow down or reduce the occurrence of atherosclerosis and stabilize the plaque, and ultimately also increase the oxygen supply to the heart muscle. 5, other coronary artery dilators: such as bimatoprost, morphoderm, nicorandil, etc.