Squamous carcinoma is an invasive carcinoma, which is seen to grow downward, break through the basement membrane zone and invade the dermis. It is in the shape of irregular masses or bundles and consists of normal squamous cells and atypical squamous cells, the former are well differentiated and some form keratinocytes, while the latter are poorly differentiated, which is called cancer cells. How to determine whether squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is early or late stage? Early stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma can be said to have no obvious symptoms or physical signs. Therefore, it can only be detected through examination. Main symptoms 1. Vaginal bleeding Young patients often show contact bleeding, which occurs during conjugal life, gynecological examination and bleeding after stool. The amount of bleeding can be large or small, generally depending on the size of the lesion and the invasion of blood vessels in the interstitium. Early bleeding is small, while later lesions are large and may cause fatal hemorrhage once they erode larger blood vessels. Young patients may also present with prolonged periods, shortened cycles, and increased menstrual flow. Older patients often complain of irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause. 2.Vaginal discharge Patients often complain of increased vaginal discharge, white or bloody, thin like watery or rice soup-like, with fishy odor. In late stage, due to the rupture of cancer tissue, tissue necrosis and secondary infection, a large amount of purulent or rice-soup-like foul-smelling leucorrhea is discharged. Symptoms of advanced squamous cervical cancer: Secondary symptoms appear according to the extent of lesion invasion. When the lesion spreads to connective tissue of pelvic cavity, pelvic wall, compressing ureter or rectum or sciatic nerve, patients often complain of frequent urination, urgent urination, anal swelling, constipation, shortness of breath, swelling and pain of lower limbs, etc. In serious cases, it leads to ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis and finally uremia. At the end of the disease, patients may suffer from emaciation, anemia, fever and general failure. The diagnosis of cervical cancer is mainly based on medical history and clinical manifestations, especially for those with contact bleeding, detailed general examination and gynecological triple examination, and cervical scraping cytology, iodine test, nitrogen laser tumor intrinsic fluorescence diagnostic method, colposcopy, cervical and cervical canal biopsy, cervical conization and other examinations should be done. After the diagnosis of cervical cancer is confirmed, chest X-ray, lymphography, cystoscopy and proctoscopy should be done according to the specific situation to determine its clinical stage.