How much do you know about facial pigmentation? How to identify and treat them? We often see advertisements: so-and-so medicine can sweep away facial pigmentation, so-and-so imported laser can eliminate each facial pigmentation spot, which is extremely unscientific, and it is very likely that the spot will get worse because of incorrect treatment. How many kinds of facial pigmentation spots are there? How to distinguish them easily? There are 5 kinds of common facial pigmentation spots: melasma, brownish nevus, freckles, nevus of Ota, coffee spots, and 4 kinds of common facial skin diseases that are easily misdiagnosed as pigmentation spots: seborrheic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, flat warts, and sweat duct tumor. To distinguish them, first look at the age of the spots, and then analyze their characteristics. Then choose different treatment methods: a. Facial spots that start to grow in children: usually caused by genetic factors or congenital factors, such as nevus of Ota and freckles. If it is a large patch of blue-black or light brown skin, it is called “nevus of Ota”; if it is a yellow spot of the size of a grain of rice, it is called “freckle”; if it is a flaky coffee-colored spot, it is called “coffee spot”. “. At present, selective laser treatment is used for the treatment of nevus of Ota, which can basically cure it without recurrence, and the same selective laser treatment is used for the treatment of freckles, which is very effective, except that sun protection is needed, otherwise it may recur. Some patients with coffee spots have good effect on selective laser treatment, while some may not have obvious effect. The most common ones are chloasma and melasma, followed by flat warts and sweat duct tumors. Melasma and nevus nigricans may seem similar, but their treatment methods are completely different and must be strictly differentiated. “Melasma” is usually symmetrically distributed on the cheeks and is pale yellow in color, which can be significantly aggravated by sunlight and may be aggravated by emotions and poor sleep. “Brown-cyanotic nevus” is often mistaken for melasma and leads to wrong treatment. Brown-cyanotic nevus is usually symmetrically distributed on both cheekbones, i.e. underneath both lower eyelids, which means the onset of the disease is closer to the eye area than melasma, and it is usually brownish-blue or yellowish-blue. The treatment of melasma is a kind of comprehensive treatment, first of all, we should keep a good state of mind and emotion, get enough sleep and actively protect ourselves from the sun. For obvious melasma, we can consider using selective laser treatment or strong pulsed light, but this laser treatment is a method of low energy sweeping or irradiation and repeated for many times, and we should not use high energy laser treatment to provoke the aggravation of melasma. Also use medical whitening moisturizing cream with spot removal. There is a very good treatment method for cheek nevus – selective laser irradiation, once every 3 months, usually in about 5 times can be basically eliminated and no recurrence. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The first treatment of flat warts is to use anti-viral and resistance drugs, sweat tuberculosis is common around the eyes, but also visible in the forehead, cheeks, manifested as yellow-brown or skin-colored small rash, this disease can only use microwave, laser equal treatment, drug treatment is difficult to work. The first thing to consider is seborrheic keratosis, followed by basal cell carcinoma, “seborrheic keratosis” is a manifestation of skin aging, also known as age warts, but human skin can actually age after the age of 25, so it is common for seborrheic keratosis to grow after the age of 30. This is the best way to get the most out of the selective laser treatment, but you can also consider microwave and topical exfoliating drugs. “Basal cell carcinoma” is mostly seen in the elderly and is darker in color, and the best treatment is surgical excision. As we can see, the situation of facial spots is very complicated, not only there are many possibilities, but also several kinds of spots can exist at the same time, so the general public cannot self-diagnose and self-select the treatment method, moreover, they cannot easily believe in the foolishness of cosmetic salesmen and “social beauticians” (unprofessional beauticians) in beauty salons, so they should choose professional dermatology as early as possible. You should choose a professional dermatologist as soon as possible for proper guidance.