Ovarian cysts are cystic masses in the ovary without a solid component. Ovarian cysts are common and frequent in women of childbearing age. In terms of etiology, they can be either physiological or pathological. The so-called physiological cysts are mainly follicular cysts and luteal cysts, which are formed during follicular development and luteal absorption after ovulation. Most of these ovarian cysts are less than 5 cm in diameter and can usually be absorbed spontaneously without further treatment. The other type of pathological ovarian cyst is actually an ovarian tumor, which once suspected clinically requires further surgical removal and pathological examination to clarify the type of tumor. Therefore, some women are afraid that ovarian cysts are tumors once they are found and it is inappropriate to consider surgery. Therefore, it is not appropriate to consider surgical treatment because some women are afraid of tumor once they find ovarian cysts. They should have detailed medical history, symptoms, ultrasound, radiology (abdominal X-ray, CT) and tumor markers to distinguish the type of cysts. If the cyst is physiological, it can be observed for 3 months, and the tumor will shrink or disappear to verify the diagnosis and avoid the trauma of surgery; if the cyst is an ovarian tumor, it should be treated surgically.