The etiology of primary hypertension is multifactorial, especially as a result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. However, the specific pathways through which genetic and environmental factors raise hypertension are not clear. Hypertension is a multifactorial, multi-linked, multi-stage and individually variable disease. 1, hypertension has obvious family aggregation. Both parents have hypertension, the probability of children developing the disease is as high as 46%. About 60% of hypertensive patients have a family history of hypertension. 2, the inheritance of hypertension may exist in two ways: dominant genetic inheritance and polygenic association inheritance. In the genetic phenotype, not only does the incidence of hypertension reflect heritability, but also in blood pressure level, complication hair and other related factors such as obesity. There have been many reports of genetic studies of hypertension in recent years, but no breakthroughs have been made. Regarding the genetic localization of hypertension, there are more than thirty chromosomal segments that may be relevant in more than twenty genome-wide scan studies of hypertension conducted worldwide. 3, Current studies have shown that people with family genetic factors of hypertension have significant insulin resistance and disorders of lipid and uric acid metabolism regardless of whether they have hypertension, and these factors promote the development and progression of hypertension. Hypertension has a long course and generally progresses slowly, with different mechanisms of initiation, maintenance and acceleration at different stages, and interactions between various pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, in addition to genetic factors, maintaining a good lifestyle and relaxation are also important factors in delaying the onset and progression of hypertension.