1, sleep sex disorder Sleep sex disorder refers to people in a sleep state still have sex, which is considered a very different kind of sleepwalking disorder. In some cases, people with the condition are often aware of their own sleep sex behavior for a long time, but due to a lack of necessary medical information about the disease or a failure to seek medical attention due to fear, others conclude that it is their intentional behavior rather than a medical condition that is the cause. However, researchers have determined that the condition of unconscious sexual behavior during sleep does exist in some people, and they have been observing their brainwave activity in this situation through multi-channel scanners and video recordings of sexual behavior during sleep. Treatment for the condition is similar to that for sleepwalking in non-REM deep sleep and may involve specific interventions. But sleep sex is not always problematic or extreme, depending on the frequency and degree of occurrence. 2, Narcolepsy Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that causes the onset of irrepressible sleep, falling asleep during daytime routines and in inappropriate places, such as when talking, eating or driving. Although sleep can occur at any time, it most often occurs during inactivity or monotonous, repetitive activity situations. However, this type of sleep only enters the REM sleep phase and rarely enters the deep non-REM sleep phase. In addition to producing excessive sleepiness, symptoms such as cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and sleep onset hallucinations can occur. The cause of the disease has not yet been finalized, but it is generally believed to be caused by autoimmune disorders and may also be caused by genetic factors. Treatment includes stimulants, antidepressants, or hypnotic drugs. 3, sleep talking sleep talking, also known as somnambulism, many people have this situation, often dreaming after sleep, and in the sleep of talking, singing, or crying and laughing, sometimes sleep talking is a coherent speech, or into a section of the narrative, in the whole sleep process may occur many times in the sleep of the somnambulism, individual sleep talking when others interjections he can be answered with people, some people talk about the pronunciation of sleep talking is not clear, or just unwritten words only. Sleep talking can occur at any time during sleep. There are many causes of sleep talking, which may be induced by excessive stress and nervousness, and there is no better medical treatment at present. 4.Periodic somnolence and pathological hunger syndrome Kleine-Levin syndrome, also known as periodic somnolence and pathological hunger syndrome, is a rare sleep disorder, which is mainly characterized by somnolence, sometimes even up to 20 hours of sleep a day, accompanied by symptoms of hyperphagia and hypersexuality. It is usually seen in male adolescents, with periodic episodes (weeks or months apart) lasting 3-10 days at a time. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still debated, with some researchers hypothesizing that the disease is caused by genetic factors, and others suggesting that it is due to a dysfunction of the auto-immune system. There is no definitive treatment for the disease, which is mainly administered orally through stimulant-containing medications including Amphetamine, Ritalin, promethazine, modafinil, etc. Since periodic sleepiness and pathological hunger syndrome are similar to some affective disorders, lithium and carbamazepine are also used. 5, sleep apnea syndrome Sleep apnea syndrome is the phenomenon of breathing interruption during sleep, this phenomenon can occur dozens of times to a hundred times in the course of sleep throughout the night, each lasting a few seconds to dozens of seconds, at this time the oxygen in the bloodstream is reduced, the body is in a state of hypoxia, if this apnea occurs frequently, more than 5 times an hour can be diagnosed as sleep apnea syndrome, usually not easily detected by the patient himself or herself. Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) is a disease with a high incidence rate and a high risk of harm, which is usually not easily detected by the patients themselves. If this disease is not effectively treated for a long period of time, day after day, year after year, not only will the patient feel that he or she has never had a good night’s sleep, but also because of the interruption of respiratory airflow, hypoxia and repeatedly waking up from sleep to produce a series of serious, harmful to the whole body of each system of pathology. The clinical manifestations of sleep apnea syndrome are varied, among which one of the most common and typical symptoms at night is snoring. Generally speaking, the louder the snoring signifies the more obvious narrowing of the airway, but the snoring of patients with sleep apnea syndrome is different from that of ordinary snorers. The snoring sound of this kind of patients is loud and irregular, intermittent, high and low; those with serious condition will snore loudly whether they are lying on their side or on their back, or even in meetings or riding in the car. In addition, while frequent apnea occurs at night, the patient will be accompanied by abnormal sleep movements, insomnia, dreams, nightmares, polyuria, enuresis and so on. During the day, sleep apnea syndrome is commonly characterized by narcolepsy, which is an uncontrollable dozing off during the day, regardless of time or place. Patients also feel fatigue, memory loss, agitation and irritability. Prevalent in the obese, the elderly, any part of the upper respiratory tract obstructive lesions can cause the disease. Currently recognized by the medical community as the first choice for the treatment of sleep apnea is non-invasive positive airway pressure ventilation therapy, the principle of the therapy is that, because the key to sleep apnea is upper airway obstruction, so by applying an appropriate pressure to the upper airway of the local can prevent its collapse, in addition to the high-speed airflow to the upper airway of some of the local reflexes of the stimulation of the airway can be to a certain extent to increase the expansion of the muscle airway capacity. The ability of the muscles to expand the airway can be increased to a certain extent. Clinical practice has proved that the use of positive airway pressure ventilation ventilator can eliminate the nocturnal respiratory disorders of patients with sleep apnea syndrome, improve their sleep structure, and thus play an effective therapeutic role in the body damage and complications caused by sleep apnea. In addition, it can also be treated by surgery or via medication. 6.24 hours non-sleep-wake syndrome 24 hours non-sleep-wake syndrome is a very peculiar sleep disorder disorder, which means that the patient can not sleep in regular daytime and nighttime patterns, causing changes in the sleep-wake cycle. In non-24-hour sleep-wake disorders, the time of going to sleep and waking up is sequentially delayed by 1-2 hours per day each day, so the biorhythm exceeds 24 hours. The patient is unable to maintain the intense rhythmic lifestyle schedule required by school or work. The disease is not rare, most of the patients who reported the case are blind, the course of the disease presents chronic and progressive characteristics. 7, Restless Legs Syndrome Restless Legs Syndrome is usually characterized by extreme discomfort in the lower limbs during nighttime sleep, forcing patients to keep moving their lower limbs or walking on the ground, resulting in severe sleep disorders. The hyperactivity commonly occurs in the legs, and in some cases also in the arms and trunk area. Symptoms occur when the patient feels a tearing, writhing, tingling, burning, aching, or itching sensation in the affected area, and an urgent and strong feeling of wanting to move, which can be temporarily relieved by movement. The disease is not life-threatening, but it seriously affects the patient’s quality of life. Doctors are usually to give patients the use of anticonvulsant drugs, drugs similar to opium (such as methadone) or benzoin diazepam sleeping pills, but there is currently a great deal of controversy over the treatment of restless legs syndrome. 8, nocturnal abrasion nocturnal abrasion or teeth clenching, refers to people in the sleep of the chewing muscles rhythmic contraction of the upper and lower teeth tightly biting and sliding, issued a very loud cackling, cackling sound. At this time, people do not wake up, and even if they do, they do not know anything about their clenching, only the people who sleep with them. It is a common sleep disorder, and as many as 40 million people in the United States suffer from nocturnal teeth grinding. Although grinding teeth at night will not feel any great pain temporarily, but in the long run, it can cause serious wear and tear of the dentition and neighboring surfaces of the teeth, and intractable bruxism will lead to destruction of periodontal tissues, loose or shifting teeth, receding gums, loss of alveolar bone, and even trigger facial pain and headaches in 5% to 10% of patients. However, there is currently no good treatment for this disease, doctors recommend the use of mouth guards or injections of botulinum toxin. 9.Night Terrors Night terrors are a kind of sleep disorder in deep sleep, in which the patient suddenly sits up from slow-wave sleep with a scream, accompanied by vegetative symptoms, such as: rapid heartbeat, rapid breathing, and profuse sweating. There is a strong sense of fear, anxiety and suffocation, and occasional hallucinations, such as seeing ghosts. Seizures usually occur within a short period of time after sleep at night, and each seizure lasts about 1-10 minutes. It is difficult to wake up, and the consciousness is hazy at that time. After waking up, there are consciousness and orientation disorders, and usually there is no memory of it, and even if it can be recalled, it is extremely limited. Repeated night terrors are very dangerous and may cause mental trauma and even assault. Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder (REMSBD) REMSBD refers to the episodic disease characterized by the loss of muscle relaxation during REM sleep and the emergence of complex movements related to dreams, which occurs during REM sleep, and the typical form of REMSBD appears after 90 minutes of sleep onset. Clinical features include the appearance of various involuntary movements of the face and limbs, accompanied by dreaming, at the time of the disappearance of muscle retardation during rapid eye movement sleep. It manifests itself in a variety of complex and abnormal behaviors, with rough and violent movements, such as punching, kicking, rolling, jumping, shouting, and repeatedly falling out of bed and causing injury to those in the same bed. One-third of the patients suffer from self-injury or injury during seizures. REM sleep disorder can be treated, and the standard treatment is to use the anticonvulsant drug clonidine, which generally receives a better therapeutic effect. The reason for the drug’s therapeutic efficacy is unknown, but the drug has the ability to restore natural paralysis to people undergoing REM sleep disorder.