Pituitary tumor is a common benign intracranial tumor, accounting for 10% of intracranial tumors. However, because of the hidden symptoms in early stages, it is usually easy to ignore. The actual prevalence of pituitary tumors has been on the rise in recent years, and the autopsy rate of subclinical pituitary microadenomas is reported to be as high as 5% to 20% abroad. The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain, and although it is only the size of a small peanut, it is the most important gland for regulating normal physiological functions of the human body, and can be called the “command” of the human endocrine function. Once a pituitary tumor is diagnosed, it is like a “time bomb” placed in the “command”, which interferes with the normal regulation of human endocrine hormones and causes a series of endocrine disorder symptoms. The main manifestations are as follows: amenorrhea – lactation – infertility: caused by pituitary prolactin cell adenoma, which is the most common 1. They are more common in women of childbearing age. Because some women are “ashamed” of their physiological condition, they do not feel the seriousness of the problem until they have been infertile for many years after marriage, causing tension between husband and wife. Although menstrual regulation therapy can create the illusion that the treatment is effective, it does not solve the problem at all and delays the treatment of the real cause, pituitary tumors. Men may also suffer from prolactin cell adenoma, with impotence and hypogonadism as the main clinical manifestations. 2.Gigantism – acromegaly: caused by pituitary growth hormone cell adenoma, accounting for about 20%-30% of pituitary tumors. If this type of pituitary tumor occurs before puberty, it is called gigantism, and in adulthood, it is called acromegaly, i.e., facial deformation and enlargement, nasal, lip and tongue enlargement, hand and foot hypertrophy and widening, which often requires increasing shoe size. Due to elevated glucagon, patients are prone to diabetes. 3.Obesity: caused by adrenocorticotropic hormone cell adenoma, accounting for about 5%~15% of pituitary tumors. This disease is characterized by obesity, that is, centripetal obesity, medically known as “Cushing’s syndrome”, the patient’s face and trunk fat accumulation, and the limbs are relatively thin, is “full moon face” “buffalo back The patient has a “full moon face”, “buffalo back”, facial acne, stubborn hypertension, low blood pressure, etc. Other pituitary tumors without endocrine function lack characteristic symptoms in the early stage, and compression of normal pituitary tissue causes weakness, drowsiness, hair loss and other signs of hypopituitarism. In the later stages, compression of the optic nerve blocks the cerebrospinal fluid circulation and leads to progressive loss of vision and cranial hypertension until it becomes life-threatening. Once a pituitary tumor has been diagnosed, there is no need to panic, as modern medicine has developed to safely remove this “time bomb” and restore the patient to a normal life. Early treatment is often curative. There are many ways to treat pituitary tumors, but the first choice is surgery, mostly using a single nostril through the pterygoid sinus approach, which is less invasive, short surgery time, fast recovery, no incision scar left on the body surface, and satisfactory results. In 1992, the first report of endoscopic pituitary tumor resection via the nasopalatine nerve was made abroad, and after the continuous improvement by ENT and neurosurgeons, the procedure has been matured and widely promoted at home and abroad. Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery without the use of a transsphenoidal retractor can produce little damage to the nasal mucosa, while at the same time the endoscope provides a deep anatomical view of the space. When using 0, 30, 45, and 70 degree endoscopes, the operator’s view is clearer, more realistic, and broader than with a microscope. Endoscopic surgery not only shortens the operative time and hospital stay, but also avoids filling in the nasal cavity. Endoscopic surgery has a higher rate of complete resection, higher rate of recovery of endocrine function and recovery of vision. Transnasal pterygoid endoscopic pituitary tumor resection has the following advantages: (1) Simple and quick access to the pterygoid sinus through the unilateral nasal cavity, which shortens the operation time to access the pterygoid saddle. (2) The normal anatomical structures and physiological functions of the nasal cavity, sinuses and nasal septum are protected. (3) Different angles of endoscopy can observe the optic nerve canal, internal carotid canal, pituitary adjacent normal tissues and tumor boundaries in all directions, reducing damage to normal structures and preserving pituitary function while ensuring complete tumor removal. (4) Small damage and fast recovery. (5) The endoscopic fiber optic illumination device can ensure clear light in the operative field. This procedure is mainly used for pituitary adenomas that are confined to the saddle or mildly protrude to the saddle, and those that grow to the subsaddle into the pterygoid sinus are the most suitable, and those with cerebrospinal fluid nasal leakage can be repaired at the same time. The key to good treatment effect is early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that patients should go to regular hospitals for scientific examination to obtain accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment if the above symptoms appear.