Vomiting blood is the vomiting of blood, mostly dark red or coffee-colored, and may be accompanied by black stools or blood.
The main causes of vomiting blood are gastroduodenal ulcer, portal hypertension with esophagogastric varices, gastric cancer, and hemorrhagic gastritis. Vomiting blood can be accompanied by
When vomiting blood, it can be accompanied by systemic symptoms of varying severity, such as dizziness, weakness, rapid pulse, blood drop, cold sweat, etc., and shock can occur if the amount of vomiting blood is large. ulcerative disease mostly in young adults, mostly with a history of epigastric pain.
Hemorrhagic gastritis often occurs after heavy alcohol consumption, long-term administration of salicylic acid preparations and steroid hormones, or severe trauma. Vomiting of blood after drinking alcohol is more common in clinical practice. Excessive alcohol consumption can cause many hazards to the body: 1, the impact on the digestive system: cause chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, acute and chronic pancreatitis, esophageal varices, esophageal bleeding, can also cause acute alcoholic hepatitis, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, etc.. 2, the impact on the nervous system: accelerate the aging process of the brain, damage intelligence, emotional instability, distraction, leading to misjudgment. 3, the impact on the cardiovascular system: the initial mild chest pain, irregular heart rhythm, gradually become heart enlargement, ventricular failure, alcohol will increase blood pressure, easy to cause a stroke or sequelae of heart disease. 4. Relationship with cancer: The incidence of cancer in many parts of the body of alcoholics is higher than that of the general population, especially in the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver and other organs. 5.Relationship with drugs: If cold medicine, tranquilizers, sleeping pills, etc. are taken together with alcohol, it will enhance the effect of drugs and create danger. 6, the relationship with the accident: alcohol will destroy the coordination of muscles, nerve reaction is slow, inattention, so driving after drinking is easy to accidents. According to statistics, the suicide rate of alcoholics is six times higher than the average person, and the average life expectancy of alcoholics is 10 to 15 years less than the average person. Any bleeding caused by blood irritation after nausea and vomiting, then there can be vomiting blood performance. If the blood is vomited immediately after bleeding, the blood is bright red; if the blood stays in the stomach for a period of time and is vomited again after the action of stomach acid, it is a brownish color like coffee grounds. In addition to vomiting, more blood is excreted from the intestine. Since hemoglobin forms black iron sulfide by the action of sulfide in the intestine, the discharged blood is generally tar-like black stool. Only when there is a large amount of bleeding and the blood passes quickly through the intestine, the blood excreted is dark red or occasionally bright red. In general, when the bleeding is heavy, there is black stool and vomiting of blood; when the bleeding is small, there is often only black stool. If the bleeding site is in the duodenum, vomiting blood is less common. If the bleeding is slow and the amount is small, there are usually no obvious systemic symptoms and only anemia appears after a long period of bleeding. If the bleeding is large and rapid, acute blood loss such as panic, cold sweat and pallor, or even a drop in blood pressure may occur. Gastroscopy can often make a rapid and correct diagnosis of the site and cause of bleeding, and has been ranked as the first choice. Patients with vomiting blood should be resuscitated in a timely manner as follows: (1) General treatment: keep the patient absolutely at rest in bed, keep him quiet and comfort him; administer oxygen in a timely manner; adopt a head-low, foot-high position; prohibit eating and drinking. When vomiting blood, the head is tilted to the side to facilitate the vomit, do not hold
Vomiting blood to prevent accidental aspiration and suffocation. (2) Hemostatic measures: Use iced water to mix Yunnan Baiyao, Panax notoginseng powder or Bletilla powder into a burnt form and drink it, or use ice water with water to make the blood vessels contract through cold stimulation to achieve the purpose of hemostasis.
Norepinephrine 4-8 mg can also be added to 150 ml of iced saline and taken orally in divided doses. For ulcerative bleeding, Loxacol 20 mg can be given orally.
. For ruptured esophagogastric fundic variceal bleeding, a three-chamber balloon can be inserted through the mouth or nasal cavity to stop bleeding. (3) Safe transport of patients: transport the patient gently, the vehicle as smoothly as possible, pay attention to the patient’s warmth; closely observe the changes in demeanor, pulse, blood pressure and inspiration; if shock and coma occur, the patient should be sent to a nearby hospital as soon as possible to rescue.