Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome

  A closely related ovarian disease to female infertility is polycystic ovary syndrome. The pathogenesis is not well understood. Most patients have multiple follicles per menstrual cycle, but none of them reach maturity and ovulation. This phenomenon is like the ovaries are wearing a strong armor.  The typical patient with polycystic ovary syndrome presents with: obesity and weight gain; hirsutism (long, coarse, dark body hair, beard); rough skin (coarse pores on the cheeks); sporadic or amenorrheic menstruation (prolonged cycles of 40 days, 2 months, 4 months, and finally amenorrhea); sex hormone tests: elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), elevated testosterone (T), and prolactin can also be elevated; ultrasound: bilateral ovarian polycystic changes (several or tens of small follicles), the uterus can be reduced in size or small, and the lining can be thin.  Treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: medications to promote ovulation: short-acting contraceptives (Dain 35, etc.), clomiphene, chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), menopausal human gonadotropin (hMG).  The first step: short-acting contraceptives, used for 3 months, without ovulation for 3 months after stopping the pill, is considered ineffective. The second step: clomiphene, 3 months, ovulation during the period of use is considered effective, no ovulation and no pregnancy is considered ineffective; the third step: combined regimen (super ovulation), using hMG, hCG, FSH and other ovulatory drugs for 3 months, ovulation and pregnancy is considered effective, no ovulation is considered ineffective.  Personal experience: the longer the duration of the disease, the older the age and the longer the period of infertility, the lower the success rate of medication for ovulation.  Surgical ovulation promotion: medication for 3-6 months and surgery for those who fail. The preferred surgical procedure is laparoscopic ovarian perforation, or laparoscopic partial cortical resection. The purpose of this surgery is to remove the strong “armor” from the ovaries to achieve ovulation. Most patients resume normal ovulation after surgery. If you need to get pregnant as early as possible, you can add ovulation medication after surgery.