Ovarian tumors are relatively common tumors of the female genitalia. Although small, the ovary has complex tissues and is the site with the most types of tumors in all organs of the body. According to the histological types, there are benign, junctional and malignant. Those diagnosed with ovarian tumors should be operated as early as possible. The choice of the extent of surgery should be determined by taking into account the nature of the cyst, the patient’s age, the requirement for fertility and the condition of the contralateral ovary. Ovarian cyst removal, adnexal resection on the affected side, total hysterectomy and double adnexal resection are often used, and frozen section for histological examination will be done to determine the scope of surgery if necessary. In the case of malignant tumors, the scope of surgery is determined based on intraoperative exploration, and for patients with advanced disease, tumor cytoreduction is performed. The principle of treatment for malignant tumors is a comprehensive treatment plan based on surgery with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Ovarian malignant tumors are prone to recurrence and should be followed up and monitored for a long time. In addition, surgery can be either open surgery or laparoscopic surgery, both of which have the same scope of surgery for the same disease and have their own advantages and disadvantages. Ovaries are deep in the pelvic cavity and not easy to find or detect. For ovarian tumors, the principle of early detection and treatment should be adhered to. Except for a few cases that can be observed and followed up closely, all other cases should be actively treated.