Ophthalmology in China was very backward before the liberation, and the few ophthalmologists in the country were concentrated in big cities like Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, and Tianjin. Ophthalmic equipment and surgical techniques lagged far behind those of the West. After the founding of New China, the Party and the government attached great importance to the prevention and treatment of blindness and the development of ophthalmology in China. The state trained a large number of ophthalmologists and launched a nationwide campaign to prevent and treat trachoma. The incidence of blindness caused by trachoma before and during the early years of liberation was greatly reduced. Professor Zhang Xiaolou of Beijing Tongren Hospital drew the world’s attention when he cultured and isolated Chlamydia trachomatis from chicken embryo sacs. The thirty years of reform and opening up have been the best and fastest period for the development of ophthalmology in China, especially since the 1990s, when China’s ophthalmology has caught up with the world’s top level. The technology has been commonly carried out in municipal hospitals nationwide and has reached the world’s advanced level. Even in some county hospitals, these procedures can be performed. The progress of ophthalmic technology in Dalian should also be attributed to the reform and opening up. In 1982, an American ophthalmic surgery team came to Dalian Third People’s Hospital for a visit and academic exchange, and American ophthalmologists brought the latest technology (modern extracapsular extraction and posterior chamber IOL implantation) for cataract treatment to Dalian at that time. Since then, Dalian Third People’s Hospital became one of the earliest hospitals in China, except for Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, to carry out this kind of surgery. This brought about the development of ophthalmic microsurgery techniques and the introduction of a large number of new ophthalmic devices and their widespread clinical application. In the early nineties, another American ophthalmic surgery team came to Dalian Third People’s Hospital for academic exchange, and this time they brought cataract ultrasonic emulsion removal and posterior chamber folding IOL implantation technology to Dalian. Since then, our hospital has become the first hospital in Dalian and one of the earlier general hospitals in China to carry out this technology. Thus, it has greatly improved the cataract surgery technology in Dalian and made the ultrasound emulsion technology popularized rapidly, which has increased the rate of cataract surgery. Ophthalmologists from Japan and Taiwan visited the hospital and conducted academic exchanges, which also greatly contributed to the improvement of ophthalmology technology in Dalian. In the summer of 2008, when two famous American ophthalmologists who had visited Dalian Third People’s Hospital twice for academic exchange came to visit again, they were surprised to find that “China’s Ophthalmology” has undergone a great change, we have the excimer laser treatment machine, femtosecond laser, vitreous cutter, cataract ultrasound emulsifier, high-grade operating microscope, super biomicroscope, OCT, fundus angiography and image processing system, argon ion laser treatment machine, YAG laser machine, corneal topography, corneal endothelial cell counting We have also trained a group of people who can use these instruments skillfully. And we have trained a group of experts who can use these instruments skillfully. Moreover, the ophthalmic surgery technology in Dalian, such as vitrectomy and cataract ultrasound emulsification technology, has been among the first-class level in China. We believe that along with the continuous strengthening of the new China and the comprehensive national power, the medical science in China, including ophthalmology, will also continue to progress.