Xiaogan Zhang’s son is just 1 year and 7 months old, lively, cute and smart. However, Mr. Zhang’s headache is that in the last two months, his son often had sudden “coma”, foaming at the mouth and twitching of his limbs. He was diagnosed with “epilepsy” and further CT and MRI examinations revealed that the culprit was a “cavernous hemangioma” in the brain and surgery was recommended. The worst part is that the cavernous hemangioma is growing in an important part of the brain (near the motor area of the brain) and the surgery may lead to hemiplegia of the little one. Mr. and Mrs. Zhang were so nervous that they decided not to operate for the time being because the child was too young and to take medication. However, after taking the medication for more than 2 months, the child’s condition not only did not improve, but the convulsions became more frequent. After seeing the doctor again, they decided to operate, and to their surprise, the operation went very well. The child regained his former liveliness and intelligence, and Mr. and Mrs. Zhang showed their former happy smiles. The incidence of infantile epilepsy is highest in the first year of life, with about 17% of epilepsy starting 15 days after birth and about 20% of epilepsy occurring in the first month of life. Spongiform hemangioma is a common cause of epilepsy in infants and children, most of which manifest as seizures. Other common causes of infantile epilepsy include cortical dysplasia, hippocampal sclerosis, embryonic dysplasia, neuroepithelial tumors, developmental tumors, gangliogliomas, hypothalamic malformations, and many other diseases. The goal of surgery is to firstly control the seizures, secondly optimize the brain and somatic development, and ultimately to improve the child’s cognitive and social interaction skills. There are various surgical options for infantile epilepsy such as focal resection and temporal lobectomy. The surgical treatment of infantile epilepsy is an innovative and effective approach and has a higher cure rate compared to adult epilepsy surgery, and with increased screening, more precise localization methods and more refined surgical procedures, the cure rate will become higher and the complications will become less. Recurrent seizures in infants and children can lead to developmental disorders in the brain and developmental delays throughout the body, reducing the child’s cognitive and social abilities. Catastrophic epilepsy may develop if access to medical care is difficult resulting in inappropriate testing or if treatment is delayed due to cultural backwardness and superstitious prescriptions. There is a lot of evidence that antiepileptic drugs can also affect the development of the cerebral cortex in children, so many domestic and international epilepsy surgeons advocate that children with catastrophic epilepsy at a young age should be treated surgically as early as possible to relieve or alleviate their epileptic suffering.