Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and other rheumatic immune diseases have complex causative factors, diverse clinical manifestations and easily recurring conditions, and their treatment has always been a problem in the medical field. Many patients lose confidence because of the poor long-term treatment effect, and even think that rheumatic immune diseases are incurable, and are under great psychological pressure. How should these diseases be treated and what new advances have been made in the medical field in recent years, and can they be cured? Let me explain each of them below. Rheumatic immune diseases are a group of diseases associated with abnormal activation of autoimmune functions, which are characterized by the involvement of multiple organs, diverse and complex clinical manifestations, and the detection of multiple abnormal autoantibodies. The immune system in the human body is sophisticated and complex, and it is like an invisible net that protects every organ and every cell of the body from various harmful substances. However, if there is a problem with the regulation of the immune system, a large number of abnormal antibodies mistakenly treat normal tissues and organs as “harmful substances” and attack them, which can cause damage to the body. Because the immune system has a wide range of roles and complex regulatory mechanisms, it is much more difficult to treat. In the past, because of the backwardness of various examination techniques, many rheumatologic diseases could not be diagnosed and evaluated well, and because non-rheumatologists did not know enough about rheumatologic diseases, the treatment was often incompetent, or only symptomatic treatment was available to relieve the symptoms, but not to treat the root cause. For example, for patients with rheumatoid joint swelling and pain, if we just give anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs, although it can relieve the pain for a certain period of time, it does not stop the destruction of the joint and eventually the joint deformity will occur. Some doctors even directly say to patients that rheumatic immune diseases cannot be cured, which greatly undermines patients’ confidence in treatment and leads them to give up treatment negatively. For rheumatologists, because they understand that the essence of the disease is the abnormal activation of the immune system, they often use a class of drugs called “immunosuppressive drugs” to adjust the immune function to normal levels. These drugs usually act on the key part of the immune response to reduce the production of abnormal antibodies and regulate immune function for the purpose of treating the disease. In recent years, various new generation of anti-rheumatic drugs have been introduced one after another. Compared with the old generation of drugs, their action sites are more precise, their effects are more effective and their side effects are less, which provides good means for the treatment of rheumatic immune diseases and lays the foundation for the great development of rheumatic immunology. In particular, the clinical application of various biological agents has made it possible to clinically cure many rheumatic immune diseases that were originally thought to be “incurable”. For example, in the past, we did not have many treatment options for ankylosing spondylitis, mainly consisting of anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs and drugs that were both antiseptic and immunomodulatory, such as salbutamol, which did not work well for many patients. When biologic agents are used in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, most patients can achieve clinical remission and avoid ankylosis of the spine and joints, which greatly reduces the disability rate of the disease. For example, the mortality rate of systemic lupus erythematosus has been high in the past because of its tendency to cause systemic multi-organ damage and its tendency to have recurrent attacks, which are not easy to control. However, in recent years, as the medical profession has gradually deepened its understanding, a set of standardized diagnosis and treatment plan has been worked out, coupled with the continuous improvement of immunosuppressive drugs, the side effects of drugs have been greatly reduced, and the survival rate of SLE patients has been significantly improved, and many of them can live, work, get married and have children like normal people. In view of the improvement of current treatment methods and the introduction of various new drugs, rheumatic immune disease, which used to be considered as an “incurable disease”, is no longer terrible. It can be fully controlled with appropriate therapeutic interventions without various complications, just like hypertension and diabetes, which we are familiar with. The vast majority of patients with rheumatic immune diseases can achieve clinical remission after regular anti-rheumatic treatment, i.e. no more symptoms such as joint swelling and pain, hair loss and rash, skin and mucous membrane ulcers, fatigue and weakness, and no serious consequences such as joint deformation, spinal ankylosis and organ damage. The above result is what we call the “adverse drug reactions”. The above result is what we call “clinical cure”. It is believed that with the progress of medicine, the treatment effect of rheumatism will become better and better, and more and more patients will benefit from it.