In early 1986, Hyman, a world volleyball superstar, suddenly collapsed on the floor during a match and the medical staff was unable to save her life. An autopsy diagnosed Hyman as having died of “aortic dissection” in the form of “Marfan syndrome”. This is a little-known vascular disease, it is extremely dangerous, like a “time bomb”, once the “explosion”, if not intervene, the patient will die in a very short time. So what exactly is aortic coarctation? In essence, it is a rupture of the aortic vessel wall. We can think of the aortic vessels as an elastic water pipe, which has a three-layer structure – the inner layer, the middle layer, and the outer layer. Normal water pipe these three layers should be very tight, but due to various factors (such as water pipe aging, water impact is too strong, external forces resulting in water pipe rupture, etc.) resulting in damage to the inner and middle layers of the water pipe and become weak, on the basis of this, high-speed, high-pressure water flow will be weak in the inner and middle layers tore open a rift, water into the rift, and constantly downward impact, the rift is expanded into the lumen, and along the water pipe wall to the distal and proximal end, especially the distal end of the expanding expansion. Especially the distal end keeps expanding and dilating. We call the original aortic wall lumen the true lumen, and the lumen formed by the impact is the false lumen, and the inner and middle layers of the aortic wall between the true and false lumen are called “interstitial”. Because of the “aneurysmal” expansion of the pseudo-lumen, the disease was previously named “entrapment aneurysm”. The greatest danger of aortic coarctation is that the false lumen can rupture at any time due to the unbearable blood flow gathering and cause hemorrhage. In the past, the treatment for aortic coarctation was often medical treatment + traditional surgical treatment, which first controlled pain, lowered blood pressure, and reduced the impact of blood pulsation on the aortic wall through medication, and then performed artificial vascular grafting in emergency, i.e., removing the dilated section of water pipe and reattaching a new water pipe (artificial blood vessel). However, this method is time-consuming and damaging to the patient, and doctors may often spend a long time without saving the patient’s life. Vascular surgeons around the world continued to work to find a less invasive alternative to traditional surgical procedures. Finally, in 1990, Dr. Parodi in Argentina first used “percutaneous aortic endoluminal stenting” to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms with success, thus beginning a new era of endoluminal vascular therapy. In 1994, Dake performed the first “percutaneous aortic lumen stenting” for thoracic aortic aneurysms and descending aortic coarctation. This treatment involves the placement of a clad stent in the true lumen to seal the primary rupture of the coarctation, which is like adding a patch to the inner layer of a water pipe to stop the flow of blood from the true lumen into the false lumen, reduce the pressure in the false lumen, and reduce the risk of aortic dilatation or rupture, while the stent is placed against the vessel wall above and below the dilated segment to allow blood flow to perfuse down the artificial pipe. Endoluminal repair for aortic coarctation is minimally invasive, safe, and reliable in terms of recent efficacy, but there are certain limitations, for example, he is only applicable to certain types of aortic coarctation, and for some other cases, the problem can only be solved by surgery. Regarding prevention, the main attention should be paid to the usual lifestyle; patients with hypertension should control their blood pressure, and in case of aortic sclerosis, they should lower their blood lipids. People with congenital diseases (Marfan’s syndrome) should pay attention to self-protection, avoid strenuous exercise to avoid rupture and actively treat the primary disease. In addition, once you find chest pain, you should immediately go to the hospital for examination to achieve early detection and early treatment.