Hypertensive encephalopathy it is a complication of hypertension and it occurs in patients with severe hypertension. Due to excessive blood pressure, the auto-regulation range of cerebral blood flow is breached and excessive perfusion of blood to brain tissue leads to cerebral edema. Clinical manifestations are characterized by signs and symptoms of encephalopathy, manifested as diffuse severe headache, vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, mental confusion, even coma, focal or generalized convulsions, and in severe cases, cerebral hemorrhage. These complications are aggressive and require prompt treatment.