Hemothorax can be divided into traumatic hemothorax and non-traumatic hemothorax, and non-traumatic hemothorax is divided into spontaneous hemothorax and hemothorax of medical origin. The general treatment principle is to discharge the blood accumulated in the chest cavity in time, promote lung reopening and improve respiratory function, and at the same time give symptomatic hemostatic drugs to reduce bleeding. It is also necessary to use antibiotics to prevent infection. Since blood itself is the best culture medium for bacteria, especially when the patient has a penetrating chest injury, the thoracic cavity may already be contaminated, and blood transfusion, rehydration, and anti-shock treatment should be given when necessary according to the patient’s condition. The specific treatment of hemothorax is to remove the blood accumulated in the chest by thoracentesis or placing closed drainage tube, and at the same time to closely observe the chest drainage and the patient’s vital signs. If the drainage gradually decreases, the patient’s vital signs are stable, and the chest CT examination indicates that there is no blood in the chest, the patient can usually be cured by conservative treatment. If active intrathoracic hemorrhage is considered, the chest should be opened promptly to stop the hemorrhage. In recent years, television thoracoscopic surgery has been used to deal with hemothorax with very good results, which is less traumatic, more effective, and has faster recovery for patients after surgery compared with open surgery.