Clinically, nephrotic syndrome can be diagnosed when there is a large amount of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia and high degree of edema, which is commonly known as “three highs and one low”. If there is a clear cause for such changes, it is called secondary nephrotic syndrome, while those without a cause are called idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or primary nephrotic syndrome. Most of the children’s nephropathy belongs to primary nephropathy, and most of them are sensitive to hormone, the overall prognosis is good, the cure rate can reach 80%, but the headache of renal specialists and parents is why it is always recurring, admittedly, the recurrence itself is one of the characteristics of children’s nephropathy, so do we have any way to reduce the recurrence, or even put an end to it? 1, patience with good hormone: pediatric nephrotic syndrome to the hospital, basically every doctor knows the use of hormone therapy, and often also effective. But on how to further choose the type of hormone, taking methods and dosage, treatment may not be reasonable standardization. In our clinical practice, we often come across cases of relapse of kidney disease in children due to irregular use of hormones, common reasons include inappropriate dosage, short course of treatment, reduce the amount of too fast, or even after the urine protein is negative that is the phenomenon of stopping the drug, which is one of the main causes of relapse. Another part of the child’s parents because of the side effects of hormones, and superstitious advertisements, favoring traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine prescription, strange formula and give up hormone therapy, ultimately leading to recurrence of renal disease, and there may be renal tubular damage, to continue the treatment of the problem. The correct treatment plan of hormone therapy for primary nephropathy should be to choose prednisone or methylprednisolone tablets with medium strength and medium benefit, and give prednisone 2mg/kg.d orally in divided doses. If it is sensitive, the drug should be reduced under the following two basic conditions: ① the full dosage of the drug has been used for 4 weeks, and ② there have been 2 weeks after the conversion of urinary protein to negative. Usually reduce the amount of every other morning to take the total amount of a day, and then every 2-4 weeks to reduce the 2.5-5mg, the principle of reducing the first fast and then slow, in the hormone dose can be faster, and in small doses should slow down the speed of reducing the drug, and now advocate more small doses of drag tail. This is conducive to the stabilization of the condition, and in the hormone dose is larger when the drug reduction faster to avoid the side effects of the drug, and the dose of small side effects, can be properly maintained for a longer period of time to play the purpose of stabilizing the condition. 2, active prevention and treatment of various infections: most of the recurrence of kidney disease is due to find, the most common for the infection. The most common one is infection. The reason is related to the following factors: children with kidney disease have long-term hypoproteinemia, low blood immunoglobulin (IgG), long-term use of hormones or other immunosuppressants contributes to children’s low resistance, which is easy to be complicated with various infections. The common sites of infection are respiratory tract infections, skin infections, oral (gum) infections, urinary tract infections, and intestinal tract infections. Common infectious agents include viruses, bacteria, mycoplasma, etc. Rarely, there are fungi and Pneumocystis carinii. Kidney disease during the treatment of infection, the correct treatment is ① for ordinary infections, generally do not change the dose of the original hormone, give active anti-infective treatment, even if there is a recurrence of urinary proteins in the course of the infection, most of the cases after anti-infective treatment can make urinary proteins turn negative, so that the original dose of hormone can be extended appropriately for 1-2 weeks and then according to the original program to reduce the dose; ② for serious infections, then the hormone should be If the infection is severe, the hormone should be reduced to the physiological need, stop using other immunosuppressants, and actively give supportive treatment at the same time as the anti-infective treatment, at this time, the principle of treatment should be to save the life of the main. Since children with nephropathy have low resistance and are prone to infections, which is the most common factor causing the recurrence of nephropathy, we can give immunomodulators to improve the body’s resistance while treating nephropathy to reduce infections so as to reduce the recurrence of nephropathy. Avoid exertion: Another common factor for the recurrence of kidney disease is over exertion. Children with kidney disease are usually treated with hormone therapy, one of the side effects of hormone is to cause mental excitement in children, coupled with children’s natural playfulness, parents can’t bear to constrain the sick children, which often leads to overwork, can’t get a good rest, aggravate the load on the body, and the recurrence of kidney disease. It should be noted that we should not go to the other extreme of controlling children’s activities for a long period of time and focusing on bed rest, which will definitely lead to physical weakness and low immunity, and is also not desirable. Therefore, how to control the child’s activities should be flexible, we advocate that when the child’s condition is in the active period, to rest, and when in remission, there should be a certain amount of activity, especially outdoor activities, in order to not appear to be tired as appropriate. 4, suspend vaccination: the pathogenesis of kidney disease is very complex, generally believe that there are immune dysfunction, when kidney disease is in remission can be vaccinated? We believe that inappropriate vaccination and serum injection may induce the relatively stable immune state to lose balance, thus causing relapse of kidney disease. In clinical practice, this phenomenon does occur, therefore, for children with kidney disease should be suspended inoculation, in order to prevent the recurrence of kidney disease, and then in the use of hormones during the vaccination is also unscientific, not only can not play the original purpose, and even serious side effects will occur. 5, avoid trauma and surgery as much as possible: trauma is one of the causes of nephropathy, and also one of the factors that cause its recurrence, so in the treatment of nephropathy, prevention and treatment of serious trauma, delaying elective surgery is also one of the factors to prevent recurrence, and then, the healing of surgery during the use of hormones is also unfavorable. 6, other: active prevention and treatment of allergies, reduce mosquito bites Allergies and insect bites itself is one of the causative factors of kidney disease, in the process of treatment and recovery of kidney disease, we often see that simple allergies or mosquito bites will lead to the recurrence of some kidney disease, which should be paid attention to.