Malignant tumors are major diseases that pose a serious threat to human life and health, and because of their high lethality, they currently rank as the second leading cause of death from human disease. According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute SEER (surveillance, epidemiology and end results program), the largest single risk factor for tumors is aging. About 60% of tumor patients occur in people 65 years and older, and 70% of tumor deaths occur in this age group. According to 2005 domestic statistics, tumor patients over 60 years old have accounted for more than 50% of the total number of tumor patients in China. At the same time, due to the aging of the organs of the elderly, the physiological function decreases, which affects their drug metabolism and excretion function, bone marrow hematopoietic function, body immune function, and the body’s regulatory ability and adaptability. These many factors make the tolerance of elderly tumor patients to the commonly used tumor treatments-surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and even targeted drug therapy-apparently decrease, thus bringing more difficulties to the treatment of elderly tumors. However, traditional medicine treatment in China can be widely applied in clinical practice due to its small adverse reactions and few limitations of patient’s age, general condition, disease stage and concomitant diseases, thus highlighting the unique advantages of TCM in geriatric tumor treatment. 1, Chinese medicine’s understanding of geriatric tumors Chinese medicine has a very early understanding of tumor as a disease, and there are detailed descriptions and records about tumors and tumor-like lesions in ancient medical literature. As early as in Yinxu oracle bone inscriptions, there was the name of “tumor”. According to the Treatise on the Origin and Criteria of Various Diseases, “tumor” is considered as the “knot of qi and blood” in the body, or the retention of certain abnormal substances produced by the body. The Weiji Baoshu was the first to record the word “cancer”. The Treatise on Direct Instruction with Remaining Formulas of Ren Zhai also pointed out that “cancer is high on the top and deep on the bottom, like the shape of a rocky cave”, and that “the root of poison is deeply hidden”, which will eventually cause coma. For cancers visible to the naked eye and on the surface of the body, there are records of breast rock, cocoon lip, tongue fungus, gall tumor, etc., which are equivalent to breast cancer, lip cancer, tongue cancer, thyroid cancer, etc. in modern medicine; for cancers suffered from internal organs, they are scattered in the evidence of accumulation, obstruction, choking and hiccups, regurgitation, leakage, and leucorrhea, which are equivalent to gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, and gynecological tumors. In terms of the age of occurrence, Chinese medicine practitioners also recognized early that although malignant tumors may occur in all age groups, they are more common in the middle age and above, especially in the elderly. In the Ming Dynasty, “Surgery Qixuan” described the onset of cancer: “At the beginning, there is no cold and heat pain …… above forty years old, blood loss and gas failure, thick flavor overload born, ten cured one or two”. Medical Guan” on the diaphragm evidence that “the elderly have it, less choking and regurgitation”. Modern medicine confirms that malignant tumors have a high incidence in the elderly population, which is related to the decline of tissues and organs of the elderly, low immunity and reduced organ function, i.e., the Chinese medicine said that the disease is caused by “deficiency”. It is clearly pointed out in Compendium of External Medical Evidence that “if Zhengqi is weak, it will become rock”, and “rock” is commonly used with “cancer” in ancient books. Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of tumor is the result of internal and external factors. The external causes include: (1) external factors: Chinese medicine literature points out that the “six evils” (wind, cold, summer, dampness, dryness and fire) are pathogenic factors for tumors. The Spiritual Pivot: “The guests of the eight winds of the four seasons are in the meridians and channels, and they are also the ones who are ill with tumors”; “The birth of accumulation, getting cold is born, and the syncope is becoming accumulation”. “Accumulation, by the yin and yang disharmony, visceral weakness, subjected to wind evil, wrestling in the viscera of the gas for also.” The “Neijing” cloud: “Cold guest in the intestine outside, and Wei gas wrestling, the gas shall not camp, because there is a system, the fetish and the internal, the evil gas is up, polyps are born, the beginning of its also, as big as a chicken egg.” These external causes of disease actually include the modern medical science, physical, chemical and viral pathogenic factors. (2) Dietary factors: “good hot drinks people, more diaphragm disease”, “too much food and flavor, fish and cheese, strong food cold fruits and vegetables, storage in the stomach and epigastric …… long time will be accumulated in the obstruction of the abdomen” and other records indicate that Bad dietary habits, overeating of sweet and thick flavors, and nutritional disorders are all factors in the development of tumors. Internal factors include: (1) Mental factors: “All diseases are born in the gas”, excessive changes in emotions and moods will affect the operation of qi and blood in the whole body and the functions of internal organs, which plays an important role in the etiology of tumors. For example, “depression and injury to the spleen, muscle thinning, and the external evil fight into sarcoma”. For the understanding of breast cancer, there is a record of “breast accumulation due to anxiety and depression, the wish is not satisfied, the liver and spleen qi reversal, so that the meridians are blocked, and the accumulation of nuclei”. Modern medical research confirms that internal factors, such as mental stimulation, endocrine disorders, nutritional status and low immune function, etc., are often the causes of tumor development. (2) Deficiency of internal organs, insufficiency of positive qi: tumors are mostly the evidence of the symptoms of this deficiency. And Zhengqi deficiency plays a very important role in it. The book “Medical Zong Biren” has said: “Tumors are often caused by deficiency of internal organs and lack of positive qi. Accumulation” had clouded: “Accumulation of the formation of also, the deficiency of positive qi, and then the residence of evil qi”. Jingyue encyclopedia? Accumulation”: “Where the spleen and stomach insufficient and weak disorders of the person, more than the accumulation of disease”. The physiological functions of the organs of the elderly are declining, “essence is strong Yang, Yang is strong life”. The spiritual center? Tiannian” contains: “fifty years old, the liver gas began to decline ……; sixty years old, the heart gas began to decline, bitter sadness, blood slack, so good lying; seventy years old, the spleen gas is weak, the skin withered; eighty years old, the lungs gas is weak, prana away, so the words are good mistakes; ninety years old, the kidneys gas scorched … …; at 100 years of age, all five organs are weak ……” The first is that the organs are not as strong as they used to be in the past. People to old age due to the weakening of the function of the internal organs, its ability to resist disease, a little careless, that will occur disease. In the emotional and internal injuries and guest evil stagnation, diet and labor injury and other internal and external causes under the joint action of the internal organs out of order, stagnation of gas and blood stasis, phlegm and dampness cohesion, toxicity and heat inside the knot, and long time to accumulate into a tumor. After the memory of cancerous toxin, it further consumes qi and blood, and it is easier to be deficient under internal depletion, so the positive qi is even more deficient under the surface symptoms of evil reality. The balance of the whole body functions is broken when the positive energy is weak and the evil is solid, so it is difficult to restore the balance only by the strength of the old people themselves. Therefore, the etiology, pathogenesis and disease characteristics of elderly tumors in Chinese medicine theory can be summarized as follows: people with high age, the decline of vital energy and deficiency of yin, yang, qi and blood are the basis for the formation of tumors; the long-term influence of the seven emotional disorders, dietary disorders, etc., and the disorder of yin and yang in the internal organs of the body, which produce the pathological factors for the growth of tumors to create the conditions; the rapid development of tumors further depletion of the positive qi and aggravation of yin and yang disorders of the internal organs of the body and qi and blood, and the rapid development of tumors further depletion of positive qi. Evil real and positive deficiency coexist, which are the cause and effect of each other, forming a vicious circle, therefore, the treatment of old age tumor is more tricky and not easy to be cured than that of young and strong people. 3. Principles of Chinese medicine treatment for tumors in the elderly Since Chinese medicine acts more gently and it is difficult to control the development of tumors rapidly by using Chinese medicine alone, the current treatment of tumors is mainly based on western medical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, etc. However, western medical treatments are based on cutting down the evils and reducing the deficiency. However, western medical treatments are mainly based on cutting down the evil realities as the main entry point, with less regard to the host’s original immune barrier, therefore, the positive deficiency is still deficient, and the internal balance of human body is in a state of chaos. Even when the tumor is largely eliminated, the balance between good and evil only reaches a temporary equilibrium at a lower point, and may be disturbed again once there is an external evil or other triggers, especially in elderly tumor patients. The best means of Chinese medicine treatment is to regulate the balance of internal functions of human body, pay attention to the whole, make up for its deficiency and cut down its surplus, and seek for the root of the disease, analyze and summarize according to the “three causes and four diagnoses” and “eight outlines and eight methods”, so as to complete the whole process of recognizing and treating the disease. In the clinical treatment, attention should be paid to the division of labor: treating the symptoms and reducing the tumor with Western medicine; regulating the patient’s constitution with Chinese medicine treatment, and at the same time, reducing the side effects and complications caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and improving the patient’s constitution, etc. In the treatment process of Chinese medicine, attention should be paid to the root cause. In the process of TCM treatment, we should pay attention to the individual differences of patients and recognize the evidence. 3.1 Combination of helping the positive and dispelling the evil: “When the positive qi exists in the body, the evil can not be dried up”, and “When the evil is brought together, its qi must be deficient”. Tumor formation is the result of a series of lesions caused by the first deficiency of positive qi and then the retention of guest evils. The occurrence and development of tumor is the process of the struggle between evil and positive in the body. Positive deficiency and evil reality are the two major pathological manifestations of tumors, while supporting the positive and dispelling the evil are the two major focuses of tumor treatment. When treating tumors, attention must be paid to the contrast between the power of positive and negative sides, and the priority of supporting the positive and dispelling the negative should be weighed, and the use of poisonous and severe attacking and chasing drugs should not be emphasized unilaterally, which will damage the positive energy and affect the body’s antidisease function. On the contrary, if one-sidedly emphasize on supporting the positive energy without using attacking and chasing, it will condone and nurture the evil. Therefore, in the treatment of tumors, it is necessary to support the positive qi, so that the patient’s own disease-resistant ability can be increased, and the disease and evil can be dispelled, that is to say, when the patient is predominantly deficient in positive qi, the treatment should be mainly to support the positive qi, supplemented by dispelling the evil. On the contrary, when the positive qi is not very weak, the side should mainly expel the evil and supplement it with supporting the positive. Fu Zheng, i.e. tonic method, is widely used in clinical tumor treatment, which can be applied in conjunction with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and is carried out throughout the whole process of tumor treatment. Supporting correctness mainly refers to tonifying the liver and kidney, nourishing qi and blood, strengthening the spleen and stomach, and replenishing the innate and fixing the innate. The general principle is “if the form is insufficient, warm it with qi; if the essence is insufficient, replenish it with flavor”. Of course, tonifying, regulating, harmonizing, benefiting, dietary regimen, acupuncture, qigong, etc. should all fall under the category of correcting. In the corrective, especially to the spleen and kidney two main organs, Chinese medicine believes that the kidney for the innate nature of this, the true yin and yang hiding place; spleen for the innate nature of this, is the source of qi and blood biochemistry, so the corrective cultivation of the spleen and kidney as the main. Mainly includes the benefit of qi and spleen method, warming the kidney to help yang method, nourishing yin and blood method, etc., commonly used drugs are astragalus, ginseng, ganoderma lucidum, atractylodes, poria, epimedium, coix lacryma, chasteberry and so on. Modern pharmacological research has confirmed that these tonic Chinese medicines can enhance the function of reticuloendothelial system, increase the number of T cells and improve their conversion rate, increase the number of leukocytes and promote their phagocytosis, thus improving the body’s immune function, which has a better therapeutic effect on controlling the tumor, prolonging the survival and improving the quality of life. Dispelling evil, i.e. attacking method, includes activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, clearing heat and removing toxins, softening hardness and dispersing knots, dispelling dampness and expelling water. “Gas is the commander of blood, blood is the mother of gas”, gas stagnation, gas deficiency can’t marshal the blood to run will lead to blood stasis; external evil invasion, wounding veins and collaterals, blood overflow outside the veins, stays in the meridians, internal organs and tissues, and condenses for a long time, and will become lumps and tumors. Modern medical research confirms that malignant tumors in the process of occurrence and development of microcirculation abnormality plays an important role in activating blood circulation can improve local circulation, soften the proliferation of connective tissues, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, so as to alleviate the symptoms and eliminate the lumps, the commonly used medicines are peach kernel, safflower, Salvia divinorum, radix paeoniae lactiflorae, trigonelline, zanthoxylum curcumae, tiger’s sceptre, rhubarb, and so on. Toxic heat is one of the main causes and pathologies of malignant tumors. Malignant tumors often have evil heat and stasis poison, phlegm and dampness long stagnation and transformation of heat poison, yin deficiency of heat poison and tumor itself necrosis and infection of the poison, each other is embedded in the body or the surface of the body, so that there is a symptom of evil heat congestion. Therefore, clearing heat and removing toxins is also an important rule in the treatment of various malignant tumors. At present, there are drugs that can clear heat and detoxify toxins and anti-cancer that have been confirmed by clinical practice and animal experiments, such as half lotus, white flower snakeweed, bean root, shoots dried, white English, dragonflower, cypress, vine pear root, snake venom, dandelion, sarsaparilla, asparagus, fritillaria, buckwheat root, bitter ginseng, swollen knapweed, ginkgo biloba, forsythia, scutellaria, mast, cyperus, septicaemia, and etc. In the “Inner Classic”, it has been pointed out long ago. It has long been pointed out in the Nei Jing (The Inner Classic) that “the firm is chipped, the knot is dispersed and the guest is removed”. Tumor formation itself is caused by phlegm, blood stasis and toxicity, so softening and dispersing is also an indispensable rule in the treatment of malignant tumors. Of course, according to different patients and different conditions, we should use the medicine of clearing heat and dispersing knots, detoxifying and dispersing knots, resolving stasis and dispersing knots, regulating qi and dispersing knots, eliminating food and dispersing knots and other effective medicines, so as to make this kind of medicine more suitable for the condition, and to promote the tumor to be dispersed and eliminated more quickly after the injection of the medicine and to have a better therapeutic effect. At present, clinically proven and animal experiments have proved that these medicines can both soften and dissipate knots and can fight against cancer: Xia Gu Cao, oyster, cat’s claw grass, sky worms, kombu, seaweeds, earth shells, mountain mushrooms and so on. There are also theories in traditional medicine that the formation of many tumors is mainly caused by phlegm condensation and dampness gathering. For example, dampness and toxicity is the cause of the tumor, and it will invade and overflow, or dampness will obstruct the middle jiao and lead to vomiting and loose stools, or dampness will gather into water and form chest and abdominal water. The treatment is to dissolve dampness, diuresis, commonly used drugs are poria, Poria, Atractylodes macrocephala, Coix Seed, etc. These drugs have been proved by experimental research to be effective in treating dampness. These drugs have been confirmed to have anti-tumor effects by experimental studies, while Semen Aesculi, Cortex Eucommiae and Lung Kwai have remarkable efficacy in the treatment of thoracic and abdominal fluid. In the process of tumor development, there exists the interplay between positive and evil and the change of growth, and the treatment is also focused according to the focus of the deficiency of positive and the prevalence of evil. Due to the special physiological characteristics such as the decline of organ function and immune function, the majority of the elderly tumor patients belong to the candidates of positive deficiency and evil deficiency, and the symptoms of the underlying deficiency, so the treatment should mainly focus on supporting the positive and cultivating the fundamental, i.e., by adjusting the body’s yin and yang, qi and blood, fluids and the functions of the internal organs, enhancing the ability of the body to resist diseases, eliminating various symptoms of weakness, and achieving the goal of supporting the positive qi and getting rid of the evil qi, which is beneficial for the transformation of diseases to the positive side. 3.2 Combination of dialectic and disease identification Chinese medicine treatment focuses on the overall concept, so it is necessary to combine disease identification with evidence identification in the treatment of tumor. The so-called diagnosis and treatment is based on the patient’s etiology and clinical manifestations, applying the methods of four diagnostic methods and eight principles to carry out a comprehensive analysis, determine a certain type of evidence, and give appropriate treatment. Diagnosis and treatment is the essence of Chinese medicine and an important principle to be followed in the treatment of tumors. For example, for qi stagnation type, Chai Hu, Qing Pi, Chen Pi, Xiang Fu, Mu Xiang, Hovenia, etc. can be used for liver circulation; for blood stasis type, Angelica sinensis, peach kernel, safflower, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Trigonella, Curcuma, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, Rhizoma Yan Hu Suo can be used for activation of blood circulation and removal of blood stasis; for phlegm coagulation type, strengthening of the spleen and removal of dampness and elimination of phlegm can be used, and Dang Shen, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria, Yam can be used for strengthening of the spleen; Atractylodes cangtuberi, Houpu, Sand Ren and Poria can be used for removal of dampness, and Semenxia chinensis, Pippus cheniformis, Bei Mui, Nansing and Gua Puzu can be used to eliminate phlegm. Clinically, the causes of tumors are complex and the symptoms are numerous, and many types of symptoms are often seen together, and the deficiencies and realities are mixed, such as qi stagnation and blood stasis, spleen deficiency and phlegm obstruction, etc., so the identification of diseases and the use of medicines should take into account the various types of tumors and the selection of medicines should be reasonable. Dialectic therapy is different from diagnosis and treatment, which is based on traditional Chinese medicine experience or results of anticancer drug screening, and different antitumor drugs are selected according to different tumor types, such as digestive system tumors are often used in the selection of Augustus, Semen Armeniacae, Corydalis, Sempervirens, Stonecrop, Zanthoxylum, Hepatitis Bengalensis, etc.; respiratory tumors are often used in the selection of Xia Kucuo Cao, Fishy Grass, Semen Armeniacae, Nansing, Bacopa Monnieri, Beehive, Cyperus Rotundus, etc.; genitourinary system Leukemia commonly used to endure snakeberry, Qingdai, Dongdian, Snake Tongue Cao, half lotus, Xi Shu Bark, Longquan, toadstool and so on. Therefore, only by organically combining dialectical treatment with disease diagnosis and treatment, and adding some drugs that can inhibit cancer cells appropriately on the basis of diagnosis, can the efficacy of medicine be maximized. 3.3 Combination of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine At present, the most effective treatments for malignant tumors mainly include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted drug therapy. Although these western medical treatments are clear and effective, the damage they bring is also more serious. Elderly people are often accompanied by systemic diseases and multiple organ function decline, which makes them unable to tolerate the strong treatment of western medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine, on the other hand, is good at correcting and strengthening the root cause. By regulating the patient’s yin and yang, and the disorders of internal organs, it adjusts the internal environment of the body and establishes a new state of equilibrium, so that the patient’s general condition, digestive system, blood system, and immune system can be protected to a certain extent. As Chinese medicine has better efficacy in improving body quality and reducing the toxic side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it adopts a reasonable combination of Chinese medicine and western medicine to guarantee the smooth implementation of western medicine treatment and often further improves the efficacy of western medicine treatment. For example, for chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reactions, traditional Chinese medicine can be used to strengthen the spleen and stomach, commonly used drugs include Codonopsis pilosula, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Semen Armeniacae, Semen Armeniacae, Wood Fragrance, Bamboo Roots and so on. Must be given to clear heat, moisten the lung treatment, commonly used drugs are sasanqua, maitake, lily, yucca, raw land, loquat leaf, etc.; for radiation cystitis, to clear heat, cool the blood, stop bleeding, diuretic, commonly used drugs are bai Mao root, cactus, artichoke, psyllium, raw land, red peony, bamboo leaf, etc.; radiation proctitis to strengthen the spleen, cool the blood, stop bleeding, commonly used drugs are bitter ginseng, astragalus, atractylodes macrocephala, coix lacryma, ground elm, Sophora japonica, etc. When traditional Chinese medicine is used for postoperative tumor, it is mainly used to strengthen the spleen and vital energy, nourish Yin and nourish blood, in order to recover the physique as soon as possible and inhibit the residual cancer cells. For old, weak and late-stage patients, radical treatment is often not tolerated. Traditional Chinese medicine has less adverse reactions and has a wider scope of application. Therefore, the palliative treatment with small dose and low toxicity of Western medicine, together with the individualized and multidisciplinary integrated treatment of Chinese medicine to support and strengthen the root of the disease, drive away evil spirits and suppress tumors, complement each other and give full play to their respective strengths, and find a balance between effectiveness and safety to ultimately improve the quality of life and prolong the survival period of the patients to a certain extent. 3.4 Mediate the balance between body and mind Modern medical research has proved that psychological factors are an important factor affecting the occurrence and development of tumors, and Chinese medicine also believes that injuries caused by seven emotions are one of the causes of tumors. Many elderly people in their daily life show depression, loneliness, indifference or anxiety. Long-term emotional and mental disorders affect the functions of internal organs, leading to the imbalance of internal environmental balance of the body, and ultimately causing tumors. Once suffering from tumor, their emotions are more fluctuating, psychological uneasiness, low mood resulting in loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, psychological fear, worrying about life and death, family, life, treatment and economic problems; there are also a few patients who are old and despairing, refusing treatment, thus accelerating the deterioration of the condition. Therefore, in the prevention and treatment of tumors, attention should be paid to the psychological state and emotional changes of patients, combining psychotherapy and medication scientifically, fully mobilizing the subjective initiative of patients, eliminating the mental pressure and fear of patients, setting up the confidence of overcoming tumors, and cooperating closely with medical care and accepting treatment positively, in order to get the expected therapeutic effect. In conclusion, in the treatment of elderly tumors, one-sided pursuit of local and short-term therapeutic effect is not possible. Chinese medicine treatment of tumors emphasizes the overall concept and evidence-based treatment, and attaches importance to the combination of disease identification and evidence identification, the combination of supporting the positive and dispelling the evil, and the balance between body and mind. No matter from the aspects of anti-cancer and tumor suppression, symptom alleviation and prolonged survival, all of them have effects that should not be belittled, and Chinese medicine should give full play to its important role in the comprehensive treatment of geriatric tumors. 4, Chinese medicine with radiotherapy Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for malignant tumors, and 70% of tumor patients need to receive radiotherapy in different periods of their diseases. Elderly patients receive radiotherapy more often because they are less tolerant to radical surgery. Since the radiation damage of radiation is not selective to tumor tissues and normal tissues, it will cause corresponding toxic side effects in the irradiated area or even the whole body, which increases the pain of patients, reduces the quality of survival, and even some patients terminate the treatment because they cannot tolerate it. Modern Chinese medicine believes that radiation is a kind of fiery and hot yang poison, which can injure yin and consume qi, burn the fluid, damage the transportation and transformation of the spleen and stomach, and affect the source of qi and blood biochemistry. The prevention and treatment of these toxic reactions should be based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, identification of the evidence and legislation, prescription of medicines, and treatment according to the unused parts and symptoms, which is undoubtedly very important for the successful completion of the comprehensive treatment plan for tumor patients, alleviating the pain caused by radiotherapy, increasing the rate of treatment and survival rate, and improving the quality of life. This is undoubtedly very important for the successful completion of the comprehensive treatment program of tumor patients, reducing the pain caused by radiotherapy, increasing the treatment rate and survival, and improving the quality of life. The following is a brief introduction of the key points of Chinese medicine disease identification and treatment for different parts of radiation injury: 4.1 Radiation mucositis Radiotherapy is a heat evil that injures yin and burns the fluid, yin and fluid are consumed internally, yin and fluid are deficient and fire is exuberant, and the oral mucous membrane can’t be moistened and nourished, therefore, the basic mechanism of dry mouth and sore throat is “heat is abundant and injures the yin”, and with the gradual increase of the radiation dose, the heat becomes toxic and injures the yin. With the gradual increase in radiation dose, the heat will accumulate and become poisonous, injuring the yin and burning the fluids, which will directly burn the oral mucosa, resulting in dry and painful pharynx and ulceration of the oral mucosa. Clinical head and neck radiotherapy patients, more dryness of the mouth and throat, burning pain in the throat, difficulty in swallowing, drinking does not quench thirst, oropharyngeal ulcers, poor fatigue, tongue dark red and so on, a faction of dry heat, injury to fluids, qi deficiency and blood stasis of the phenomenon, therefore, traditional Chinese medicine treatment focuses on nourishing yin and clearing heat, pharyngeal detoxification, cooling blood and removing blood stasis. 4.2 Radioactive Lung Injury/Radioactive Pneumonia The category of Radioactive Lung Injury/Radioactive Pneumonia belongs to the category of cough and lung impotence in Chinese medicine. Its external cause is radiation exposure, and its internal cause is deficiency of positive qi and internalization of blood stasis. The main points of its pathogenesis are heat-toxicity, yin deficiency, and blood stasis. From the viewpoint of Chinese medicine, radiation is the evil of heat and poison, which is most likely to deplete the body’s positive qi and yin and blood. When the positive is deficient, the evil will flourish, and when the yin is deficient, the veins will lose moistening, which leads to lung heat and lobe scorching, loss of purging, and qi reversal on the upper side. If heat and toxicity are congested, the blood and qi will not be smooth; if heat and toxicity hurt yin, the blood will be stagnant, and if qi is deficient, the blood will not flow smoothly, which can lead to blood stasis. Tumor patients themselves also have insufficient positive qi, blood stasis, and in the late stage, evil heat damages the lung collaterals and veins, heat and toxin are embedded in the lung, exhausting the lung yin, and toxin and stasis are intertwined, which leads to the formation of chronic fibrosis. The treatment mostly adopts the method of clearing heat and removing toxins, nourishing yin and moistening the lung, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, etc., which has achieved very good curative effect. 4.3 Myelosuppression Myelosuppression refers to the decreased activity of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, resulting in a decrease in peripheral blood whole blood cells mainly due to a decrease in leukocytes, which in severe cases can cause infections, anemia and bleeding. While killing tumor cells, radiotherapy also has toxic effects on bone marrow hematopoietic cells, and myelosuppression is a common adverse reaction of radiotherapy. According to Chinese medicine, bone marrow suppression belongs to the category of deficiency labor and blood deficiency. Kidney is the foundation of the innate, the main bone marrow; spleen and stomach is the foundation of the innate, has the function of transportation and transformation of water and grain, spleen deficiency is the source of qi and blood biochemistry; the liver hides the blood, the main excretion, the liver is damaged, then the qi lifting and lowering dysfunction, will affect the spleen and stomach biochemistry function in the long run; and the kidneys hide the essence, the main bone marrow as the foundation of the innate, the kidney qi deficiency is the medulla can not be full of blood not to be biochemistry. The main treatment principle of Chinese medicine is to nourish the liver and kidney, strengthen the spleen and stomach, and benefit qi and blood. Commonly used clinical drugs, such as astragalus, angelica, ginseng, rhodiola rosea, etc., have the effect of restoring the function of hematopoiesis. Four Substances Tang (Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong) is also a classic compound formula commonly used to nourish blood. 4.4 Radiation proctitis Radiation proctitis is the most common toxic side effect of radiation therapy for pelvic tumors. Early radiation proctitis occurs within a few days or weeks after radiation, often manifested as diarrhea, urgency, pain in defecation, and even mucus stools. Late radiation proctitis 80% often appear in six months to two years after radiation therapy, often manifested as more severe diarrhea with anal pain, urgency and heaviness, mucus stools and even bloody stools. Radiation proctitis is a serious adverse reaction that threatens the survival of patients and reduces the quality of life, and Chinese medicine has unique efficacy in effectively preventing and treating radiation proctitis. Radioactive proctitis belongs to the TCM diagnosis of “diarrhea”, “abdominal pain”, “intestinal fetish”, “blood in stool”. Category, the pathogenesis of this deficiency standard solid, the evil heat into the interior, heat and evil congestion in the intestines, trapped in the large intestine and qi and blood fight, qi is not conducive to the conductive disorders, so there is abdominal pain, after the emergency; heat and toxicity burning intestinal, intestinal damage, so there is mucus or pus and blood stools, burning anus and other symptoms. It can be seen that heat and toxicity are intertwined and heat injury to the veins and channels is the pathological process of this disease, and tumor patients are more deficient in qi and blood, and the heat and toxicity of radiotherapy is more prone to injure and deplete the qi, so this disease is a deficiency of this standard, so prevention and treatment should be based on the combination of attack and tonic. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of the disease should be both offensive and complementary. The prevention of the disease should be based on the main principles of strengthening the spleen and removing dampness, clearing heat and detoxification. Chinese medicine retained enema administration can make the medicine evenly distributed in the rectal area, utilizing the direct absorption of the intestinal mucosa, effectively preventing the occurrence of radiation proctitis. The medicinal herbs Angelica sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Shengdi, Sophora japonica, Radix et Rhizoma Dioscorea, Radix et Rhizoma Alba, Semen Coicis to strengthen the spleen and remove dampness, and Mucuna pruriens and Semen Hederis, etc. The classic prescription Ge Ge Ge Scutellariae Lian Tang with additional subtractions can also be used to clear away heat and remove toxins to resolve dampness. Elderly patients, due to low immunity, poor general condition, insensitive reaction, pain tolerance, and slow perception of some radiotherapy side effects, so many patients express their reaction to radiotherapy late, even until long after the end of radiotherapy. Oral Chinese medicine during radiotherapy can reduce the acute reaction of radiotherapy. Oral Chinese medicine after radiotherapy will reduce the middle and late side effects of radiotherapy. Chinese medicine treatment can also enhance immunity, improve quality of life and prolong survival. Different Chinese medicines can be used at different periods of the disease. Therefore, it takes a long time to take traditional Chinese medicine, even for a long period of time and for a lifetime. And by no means a Chinese medicine prescription is used unchanged, but the prescription should be adjusted at any time according to the changes in the patient’s yin and yang, and the deficiency of the patient. The duality of drugs is one of the basic laws of drug action, Chinese medicine is no exception. Eating Chinese medicine must not believe in folk remedies, to the regular hospital Chinese medicine practitioner issued a prescription. As the saying goes, “medicines are three times poisonous”, will long-term use of Chinese medicines cause liver damage? In the clinic, it is found that the liver damage caused by traditional Chinese medicine varies greatly from individual to individual. Some people can experience liver damage with a small dose, some with a large dose and only after a long period of time, and some without liver damage. Although it varies from person to person, some people who need to take traditional Chinese medicine for a long time or want to take traditional Chinese medicine to regulate their health need to pay attention to this problem and have their liver function tested regularly during the course of using the medicine. In China, there are 182 toxic herbs in the Measures for the Administration of Toxic Drugs for Medical Purposes, the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the drug standards issued by the former Ministry of Health, however, many toxic herbs are still being discovered. Some traditionally recognized non-toxic herbs also have safety risks. Literature has reported that Ma Sang Ye, Four Seasons Green, Di Yu, Daylily Root, He Shou Wu, Nutmeg, Clove, etc. can cause liver injury; Chinese herbal medicines containing glycosides (Diosgenin), toxic proteins (Seeds), alkaloids (Chirimenoside, Ziziphus), heavy metals (Lead, Arsenic), and animals (Centipede, Zebra Cactus) have all been associated with liver injury. If there are abnormal symptoms such as weakness, nausea, loss of appetite, yellow urine, yellow eyes, etc. after taking the above medicines for a few days or a week, you should go to the regular hospital for laboratory tests to check your liver function. Once the diagnosis of drug-related liver damage is confirmed, adequate calories, water and vitamins should be supplemented, or liver-protecting drugs such as glycyrrhizic acid preparations and reduced glutathione should be applied as appropriate. The chances of liver damage are relatively less in Chinese medicines that seem to be relatively calming, but it is also advisable to review liver function every six months. As one of the main auxiliary means of tumor treatment and a common means of tumor treatment for the elderly, Chinese medicine has received more and more attention. Chinese medicine treatment belongs to holistic treatment, and its efficacy evaluation is also holistic, which can not be determined purely on the basis of the degree of local tumor changes. A large number of clinical and experimental studies have shown that the efficacy of TCM in tumor treatment is different from the efficacy of Western medical therapies established for the purpose of killing. Clinically, it can be observed that the patients’ symptoms are reduced and their physique is improved; and by stabilizing the tumor body and relieving the symptoms, the patients can survive with the tumor for a long time. Its main performance in the tumor shrinkage is not necessarily obvious, but the patient’s self-conscious symptoms significantly better, improved physical quality, or may be accompanied by prolonged survival. There is a big difference between the efficacy of modern medical treatment, in which the tumor shrinks in a short period of time and the quality of body and life decreases significantly, and local recurrence or distant metastasis occurs in a short period of time, and the latter does not necessarily prolong the survival period significantly.