Spinal cord cavitation is a complication of spinal cord injury, which is characterized by the gradual development of dissociative sensory deficits, long tract conduction dysfunction, lower motor neuron deficits, and nutritional deficits in the affected segment in addition to the original symptoms. The main manifestations of dissociative sensory disorders are the loss of pain and temperature sensation in the body, initially unilateral pain and temperature sensation, but if the anterior commissure is involved, there may be bilateral loss of pain and temperature sensation in the hand, ulnar side of the arm or neck and chest, but tactile and deep sensation exists. Motor deficits are mainly characterized by decreased muscle strength and muscle atrophy, accompanied by reduced or absent deep reflexes in the upper extremities. Spasticity may be seen when there is compression or damage to the downward motor conduction pathway. In the early stage, atrophy and weakness of the small muscles of the hand and the ulnar muscles of the forearm are seen, and there is tremor of the muscle bundles. Gradually, it affects the upper extremities, scapular girdle and other muscles of the chest. Spastic paralysis of both lower limbs, increased muscle tone, hyperactive tendon reflexes, loss of abdominal wall reflexes and positive Babinski’s sign were seen below the plane of the cavity. Damage to central sympathetic nerve fibers may result in dystrophy, and involvement of the C8 cervical medulla and T1 thoracic medulla lateral horn may result in Horner’s syndrome. In the late stages, neurogenic bladder and fecal incontinence are often present, but bladder dysfunction (urinary retention) is more common than bowel dysfunction. Abrasions or burns to the skin in the area of pain deficit can cause intractable skin ulcers. MRI provides a clear picture of the location, shape, length and extent of the spinal cord cavity through multidirectional tomography: T1-weighted images in the median sagittal plane can show the whole picture: (1) the spinal cord may be thickened or atrophied; (2) the cavity has a long T1 low signal, which is similar to CSF; (3) in some cases, a septum is visible in the cavity; (4) arachnoid adhesions are visible.