Understanding the complications of shoulder dislocation is critical to the successful treatment of shoulder dislocations. Some physicians interested in the shoulder are now aware that shoulder dislocations can be complicated by Bankart lesion, as well as injuries similar to Bankart lesion that can be confused with Bankart lesion such as bony Bankart lesion, Perthes lesion, and ALPSA. Fractures can also occur, such as Hill-Sachs injury, greater tuberosity fracture, and rostral fracture.
The combined injuries that can be found when shoulder dislocations are treated by shoulder arthroscopy and their incidence are reviewed as follows.
1, lBankart injury (80-89%).
2. anterior shoulder capsule functional defects (laxity) (74%)
3.Hill-Sachs injury (67%)
4, Inferior glenoid labral injury (51%)
5, glenohumeral ligament functional deficiency (laxity) (50%)
6, rotator cuff injury (21%)
7, biceps tendon injury (12%)
8, posterior glenoid labral injury (11%)
9, SLAP injury (8%)
10, free body (5%).
Vascular injuries are rare, but can be encountered occasionally in clinical practice, especially in the elderly with atherosclerosis, which can damage the axillary artery. Late vascular injuries are more common than acute injuries (lacerations, thrombosis, etc.) and include pseudoaneurysms, subclavian vein thrombosis, etc.
Nerve injuries are more common than vascular injuries.
1, brachial plexus nerve damage (11%)
2, axillary nerve damage (8-10%)
3, there are also injuries to the long thoracic nerve, suprascapular nerve, dorsal scapular nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, etc.
In addition to the above acute complications, there are also chronic or long-term complications.
1. recurrence of shoulder dislocation and in some cases the formation of habitual shoulder dislocation
2.Shoulder joint instability.
3.Secondary frozen shoulder.
Shoulder arthropathy, including: pain, limited shoulder joint movement, muscle atrophy, degenerative osteoarthritis of the shoulder joint, etc.