Head and neck tumors include tumors originating from the nasal cavity, sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, cervical esophagus, thyroid gland, salivary gland, oral cavity, larynx, and ear. 1.Nasal cavity and sinus tumors Common benign tumors include nasal cavity and sinus papillomas, hemangiomas, cysts and nasal polyps. Malignant tumors are squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in order, in addition to lymphoepithelial carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, mucous epidermis-like carcinoma, malignant pleomorphic adenoma, followed by various types of sarcoma, malignant fibrous group and malignant melanoma, as well as the less common malignant angioendothelial cell tumor and osteosarcoma. 2.Nasopharyngeal tumors Common benign tumors include nasopharyngeal fibrovascular tumors, followed by polyps, chordoma, meningioma, craniopharyngioma, etc.. Malignant tumors are most common in nasopharyngeal cancer, followed by malignant lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, etc. 3.Oropharyngeal tumors The common benign tumors are papilloma, pleomorphic adenoma, neurofibroma, nerve sheath tumor and so on. Malignant tumors in oropharynx are less common, mostly in palatal tonsils, squamous carcinoma is common, followed by lymphoma and midline malignant reticulocytoma. 4.Esophageal tumors of laryngopharynx and cervical segment are mainly malignant tumors, 95% are squamous cell carcinoma, a few are sarcoma and malignant melanoma. 5.Thyroid tumors The common benign tumors are thyroid adenoma, teratoma, hemangioma and fibroma. The most common malignant tumor is thyroid cancer (papillary, follicular, medullary, undifferentiated), which accounts for 1% of all malignant tumors. Malignant lymphoma, sarcoma. 6.Salivary gland tumors Common benign tumors are pleomorphic adenoma, adenolymphoma, eosinophilic adenoma, myoepithelioma and so on. Malignant tumors are: mucinous epidermis-like carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, pleomorphic adenoma malignant transformation, glandular blister cell carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma is less common. 7.Oral tumors The common benign tumors are papilloma, gingival tumor, fibroma, hemangioma, nerve sheath tumor, keratoacanthoma.