I. What is endometriosis Endometriosis (referred to as endometriosis) is a lesion caused by the presence of active endometrial tissue (glands and mesenchyme) in other parts of the body other than the mucosa covering the uterine cavity. It occurs mostly in women of childbearing age, with an incidence of 10%-15% among women of childbearing age, and has been on the rise in recent years and tends to be younger. The main symptoms are pain and infertility, of which 80% of patients have significant pain and 50% of patients have combined infertility. Although endometriosis is a benign lesion, it has the ability to grow similar to malignant tumor metastasis and implantation, and is a common disease in gynecology that is difficult to treat, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. II. Pathogenesis of endometriosis The pathogenesis of endometriosis is not fully understood. At present, the main theories include endometrial implantation theory, immunomodulation theory and genetic theory, etc. 1.The endometrial implantation theory Endometrial tissue can enter the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tube with the reflux of menstrual blood, plant in the ovaries and adjacent pelvic peritoneum, and continue to grow and spread there, forming pelvic endometriosis. Or through other channels, endometrial tissue is planted in other parts of the body outside the uterine cavity. 2.Immunomodulation theory More and more evidence shows that abnormal immunomodulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of endometriosis, which is manifested by the weakened cytotoxic effect of immunosurveillance and immunocidal cells such as NK cells that cannot effectively remove ectopic endometrium, resulting in the growth and reproduction of ectopic endometrium outside the uterine cavity. 3.Genetic theory Related studies have shown that endometriosis has family aggregation, the risk of disease in first-degree relatives is 7 times higher than that in those without family history, and the incidence of monozygotic twins is as high as 75%. The endometrial implantation theory is widely accepted because it has been confirmed by more clinical phenomena and experiments. However, 80%-90% of women have menstrual reflux and only 10%-15% of women suffer from endometriosis, which is not explained by the endometrial implantation theory. Current research has demonstrated that endometrial fragments must survive, grow, and cause lesions and symptoms through adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis. The completion of this process is based on the different biological and even genetic differences of different in situ endometrium. This can be considered as “endothelial determinism in situ”. The results of the study showed that the in situ endometrium of endometriosis patients showed more active function in terms of histomorphology and ultrastructure, stronger vascular proliferation, migration and invasion, which revised and improved the endometrial implantation theory. For any disease, we should follow the principle of “prevention before illness, prevention of change after illness, prevention of recurrence after illness, and treatment in advance”. Endometriosis is a benign disorder, but has tumor-like characteristics, and treatment is very difficult, except for radical surgery, there is no possibility of cure. 1, to avoid endometriosis implantation, to prevent menstrual blood reflux, strictly forbidden to have sex during menstruation; if there are deformities of the reproductive tract caused by the outflow of menstrual blood obstruction should be timely surgical treatment. All strenuous sports and heavy physical labor are prohibited during menstruation. Family planning, abortion and curettage should be done as little as possible to prevent the endometrium from being planted on the broken surgical wound. After delivery, do functional exercise as early as possible to prevent the uterus from posterior position. 2, usually pay attention to physical exercise, improve physical quality, so that the body’s immune system function normally, that is, the so-called “positive memory, evil can not dry”. Pay attention to adjust their emotions, maintain an optimistic and cheerful state of mind. “The liver is a woman’s innate, the liver is the main drainage, the main regulation of emotions. Depressed mood and depressed liver can directly or indirectly act on the endocrine, immune and nervous systems, thus increasing the chance of the onset of endomorphism. “All diseases are related to depression, and all depressions belong to the liver”, therefore, we should keep our mood relaxed and avoid depression of liver qi. The mechanism of action is to make the ectopic endometrium undergo metaplastic changes and then atrophy through oral contraceptives or progestin. Therefore, for people with potential endometriosis, early childbirth and prolonged breastfeeding can be useful in preventing endometriosis. Also for patients with existing endometriosis, pregnancy is the best way to prevent its recurrence. Chinese medicine believes that blood stasis is the main pathogenesis of endometriosis, so activating blood stasis is the basic treatment for this disease. According to the physiological characteristics of women’s menstrual cycle, it is effective to administer herbal soup to perform cycle therapy. Since most of the lesions of endometriosis are located in the pelvic cavity, it is also more effective to preserve the enema with Chinese herbs for activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis. In addition, local external application of Chinese herbal medicine or acupuncture can be chosen as treatment. Since Chinese medicine has no obvious side effects and is effective in the treatment of endometriosis, patients with endometriosis should choose Chinese medicine treatment early to nip the disease in the bud.