Ventricular septal defect is the most common type of congenital heart disease. It is due to the incomplete development of the ventricular septum during the embryonic period, which creates abnormal traffic at the ventricular level, causing intraventricular left and right shunts and producing hemodynamic disturbances. Most ventricular septal defects are single malformations, accounting for approximately 20% of congenital heart disease; they can also be a component of complex cardiac malformations, as seen in tetralogy of Fallot, complete atrioventricular access, and transposition of the great arteries. In a normal human heart, the left and right ventricles are not directly connected. If some factors cause problems in the development of the heart, it is possible to create an abnormal traffic between the left and right ventricles, i.e., a septal defect is formed, and this abnormal traffic can produce a murmur, and most importantly, the blood from the left ventricle is not completely drained from the aorta, but through this abnormal traffic, the blood returns to the The most important thing is that the blood from the left ventricle does not drain completely from the aorta, but returns to the right ventricle through this abnormal traffic, thus increasing the burden on the heart and pulmonary circulation. The main causes of ventricular septal defects include the following: (1) infectious factors, which are the main causes, and viral infections in early pregnancy, i.e., the first trimester, especially rubella virus, influenza virus, and coxsackievirus; (2) genetic factors, which are not the main causes; (3) age factors, with advanced maternal age; (4) radiation factors, with exposure to radiation during pregnancy; (5) drug factors, with a history of maternal drug exposure. (5) drug factor, mother’s history of drug exposure.