Some hypertensive patients have a clear history of fever and cold before the onset of hypertension, which should be thought of as a possibility of some inflammatory diseases such as glomerulonephritis aortitis. Patients should give a detailed description of their condition to their physicians and actively cooperate with them to diagnose the disease in time and treat it early. The common feature of these diseases is that the cold fever comes first and the hypertension comes later, that is, when the cold fever is one week or more, the patient develops headache, dizziness, chest tightness, weakness and other general symptoms of hypertension, and even the fever is prolonged, which cannot be explained by the cold, because the general cold temperature can be normalized within one week. The peripheral blood tests in these patients may reveal elevated or low white blood cells, increased sedimentation, elevated anti-streptococcal O (an evidence of streptococcal infection), and some abnormal specific immunological tests. The diagnosis of glomerulonephritis and aortitis is complex and should be seen promptly by an internist, especially a specialist, at a secondary or tertiary hospital.