Dietary care refers to the nutritional and dietary care and guidance for patients in the process of treating diseases. Diet is the essential material basis for maintaining human life activities, and is the source of nourishment for the organs, limbs and bones of the body. Chinese medicine attaches great importance to the relationship between diet and human health, and believes that scientific recipes and good eating habits are one of the keys to a long and healthy life. For people who are sick, diet is an indispensable aid in the treatment of disease. The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine points out that “the great poison treatment ten go to its six …… grain meat fruit and vegetables, food nourishment exhausted.” It is believed that if you can choose the diet reasonably, it will be very beneficial to the treatment and recovery of diseases. Food and Chinese medicine are the same origin, and also the same as Chinese medicine, with the four gases and five flavors and lifting and sinking characteristics, so many foods have the role of healing and replenishing the body. The use of dietary care in conjunction with treatment is a major feature of Chinese medicine. Proper dietary care can shorten the course of treatment and improve the efficacy of treatment. On the contrary, it can lead to aggravation, prolongation, recurrence and even sequelae of the disease. Especially in chronic diseases and recovery from serious illness, the diet for the recovery of the disease is a pivotal role, many diseases in the late stages, as long as the diet is properly regulated, without drugs, the disease will be able to heal itself. A, the nature and efficacy of food food, like drugs, with cold, cool, warm, hot four sexes. Pungent, sweet, sour, bitter, salty five flavors and ascending, descending, floating and sinking tendency of action, but its performance is not as strong as the drug. In the diet regimen, generally in accordance with the following six methods commonly used food classification, in order to identify the choice. (a), hot food Hot food with warmth to dispel cold, fire to help Yang’s function, suitable for Yin cold within the real cold evidence. Hot food is more spicy and dry, easy to help fire and hurt. All heat and yin deficiency should be avoided. Such as white wine, ginger, garlic, pepper, chili, etc. (B), warm food warm food with warm, nourishing qi, pass Yang, dispel cold, warm stomach and other functions, for Yang weak deficiency cold evidence or actual cold evidence is light, these foods than hot food calm, but still have a certain fire, injury, fluid depletion tendency, where the heat and yin deficiency with fire should be used with caution or avoid. Such as mutton, dog meat, cinnamon meat, etc. (C), cold food cold food has a clear heat, fire. Detoxification and other functions. Suitable for higher fever, heat toxicity deep in the real heat evidence, cold food is easy to damage Yang, so Yang deficiency, spleen and stomach weakness caution. Such as bitter melon, mung beans, tea, lettuce, etc. (d), cool food cool food with heat, nourishing Yang function, for fever, dysentery, pain and swelling and red eyes, sore throat and other heat evidence, cool food than cold food and calm, but, long serving seems to be able to damage Yang, so Yang deficiency, spleen weakness, such as plums, mangoes, pears, lemons, etc.. (E), flat food flat food is not obvious cold or warm bias, so it does not accumulate heat or cold, so the daily practice of people, is also the basic food for the patient’s diet, but because the taste of pungent, sweet, sour, bitter, salty, so its effectiveness is also different, should be used according to the patient’s condition and physical flexibility. Such as soybeans, corn, soy milk, pork, eggs, peanuts, etc. (6), tonic food tonic food with beneficial effects of Qi, blood, Yang, nourishing Yin, according to its cold and warm, divided into warm, clear and flat tonic three categories. 1, clear tonic food: clear tonic food generally has a cold nature, has the effect of clearing heat, fire, detoxification. Suitable for yin deficiency or heat disease need to be tonic and conditioning, cold evidence and plain Yang deficiency should be used with caution. Such as duck, goose, tofu, lotus seeds, rock sugar, etc. 2, warm tonic food warm tonic food generally has a warm nature, warm, help Yang, dispel cold effect. Suitable for Yang deficiency evidence, cold evidence or long illness, weakness, endowment deficiency. Heat evidence and yin deficiency fire is cautiously used or prohibited. Such as mutton, dog meat, walnuts, cinnamon, etc. 3, flat tonic food The so-called “flat tonic” refers to such food is not obvious cold and warm bias, suitable for all kinds of patients, especially commonly used in the recovery period of disease, but also for normal people’s tonic. Such as eggs, pork, chicken, silver fungus, etc. (VII), the dispersal of food easily induced disease, especially the induced skin disease, or re-sick food is called dispersal of food, such as livestock in the pig’s head, chicken head, vegetables, mushrooms, coriander, toon, aquatic products, such as shrimp and crab. Second, the basic principles of dietary conditioning (a) diet in moderation, on time and at regular intervals. Diet should be moderate, not too hungry and too full, too hungry can make the source of Qi and blood is not enough, too full is easy to hurt the spleen and stomach gas, eating should be regular, should develop good eating habits, three meals should be regular and quantitative, follow the principle of “eat well in the morning, eat full at noon, eat less at night”. Do not overeat to avoid injury to the spleen and stomach. (2) Harmonize the four qi, and the five tastes. Diet should be diversified, a reasonable mix, not partial food, “Suwen – Tibetan gas method of time” said: “five grains for nourishment, five fruits for help, five animals for benefit, five dishes for the full, the smell together and served, in order to replenish the essence and benefit. This means that the body’s nutrition should come from food, meat, vegetables, fruit and other types of food, the required nutrients should be diversified, only to achieve a diverse diet and reasonable mix, in order to take in the body must be a variety of nutrients, to maintain the balance of qi, blood, yin and Yang. If the diet is biased or waste, another body nutrition ratio is out of balance. Thus affecting the health of disease. (C) food should be light, eat avoid thick taste meat and vegetarian is an important principle of diet, is also one of the secrets of longevity and health, diet should be based on grains, vegetables, fruits and other vegetarian food. Supplemented by appropriate meat, eggs, fish, not too greasy and thick, due to a variety of flavors of food after eating will cause the body’s Yin and Yang balance is out of balance. Therefore, care should be taken not to overload the diet, especially to avoid excessive saltiness and sweetness. (D) hygiene and cleanliness. Good habits. Unclean diet can lead to gastrointestinal or aggravate the original condition, food should be fresh, clean, forbidden to eat rotten, spoiled, contaminated food and sick and dead poultry and livestock; food should be soft and hard, hot and cold appropriate chew slowly when eating, do not eat too fast or not chewed down, do not eat while doing other things, do not lie down after eating, should do walking and other light activities to help the spleen and stomach transport, before going to bed at night Do not eat at night before going to bed. (E) Dialectical food administration, appropriate for each other. Diet should pay attention to the patient’s physique, age, different symptoms and seasonal, climatic and geographical differences, and organically combine human and nature for a comprehensive analysis, so as to administer food according to the evidence, food according to the time, food according to the place and food according to the person. There are many kinds of food, except for some dried fruits and vegetables which can be eaten directly, most of them need to be processed and cooked before they can be eaten, thus forming a wide variety of food preparation methods and colorful diet types. (The soup is made by decocting or stewing water and food together, adding appropriate condiments according to the taste and performance of the food, and eating the food in addition to the soup. Soup soup has soup and soup, thicker for the soup, more diluted for the soup. The food used is mainly nourishing meat, eggs, fish, seafood, vegetables, fruits, etc., for the main purpose of tonicity. (2), porridge food to rice, wheat, beans and other grains alone or at the same time added to other foods cooked into a semi-liquid food. Congee is one of the commonly used diets, especially for those with weak spleen and stomach. (C), staple foods A variety of rice, pastries, snacks and other foods made from rice, noodles and other starch-rich foods as the main ingredients. (d), Paste: decoction of tonic food with water, juice is concentrated to a certain consistency at night, then honey, sugar or rock sugar is added to make a semi-solid form, generally for tonic purposes. (e), bulking Dried fruits, grains and other foods are dried or dried and ground into a fine powder, which is mixed with boiling water or served with boiling water. (F), dishes is the general term for all kinds of meat and vegetable dishes with therapeutic effects. There are many kinds of dishes with different methods, such as steamed, fried, fried, braised, burnt, stewed, simmered, pickled, cold and so on, which have different effects according to their taste and method of preparation. (G), drinks refers to wine, milk, tea, juice, etc., according to the nature of the taste and modulation of various types of drinks have different effects. Fourth, commonly used dietary regimen (a), sweating method, that is, the method of relieving the table, is a method to evacuate the external evil through sweating, lifting the surface of the evidence, mainly for the initial onset of exogenous, the disease can be manifested in the invasion of the muscle surface of a series of symptoms, such as chills and fever head and body pain, commonly used food: onion, ginger, etc. (B), the lower method that diarrhea method, is a laxative food with laxative effect to pass stool or remove stagnation in the intestines of the method. Mainly applicable to post-partum and elderly deficient, lack of Qi and blood, intestinal dry constipation. Commonly used foods: honey, mulberry, banana, plant nuts, vegetable puree, etc. (C), warm method, i.e., warming method, is a method of using warm food to invigorate yang energy and dispel the cold inside. It is mostly used for people with cold symptoms or Yang deficiency. Symptoms such as tired limbs, limbs are not warm, abdominal pain and diarrhea, commonly used foods: chili, wine, pepper, ginger, mutton, dog meat, etc. (d), clear method that is, clear heat method, is a cold food to remove internal heat diarrhea fire detoxification method, mostly used for actual heat evidence or vegetative Yang Sheng people, symptoms such as fever, thirst, tongue sores, urine short red, etc., commonly used foods such as watermelon, pear, lotus root, cucumber, bitter melon, mung bean tea. (e), elimination method, also known as the elimination method, is a method of appetite with food that has the effect of eliminating food and stomach, applicable to the spleen and stomach imbalance, diet does not change the evidence. Symptoms such as belching and swallowing acid, abdominal distension, anorexia and vomiting, commonly used foods such as hawthorn, radish, garlic, vinegar, etc. (F), tonic method. That is, the tonic method, is to use food with a tonic effect to nourish the blood, nourish the yin and Yang, a method of strengthening the body, applicable to Qi deficiency, blood deficiency, Yin deficiency and Yang deficiency. According to the different conditions, it is divided into three categories: warm tonic for Yang deficiency and Qi deficiency, clear tonic for Yin deficiency and plain tonic for all kinds of deficiency and normal people. Commonly used foods include mutton, cinnamon meat, turtle, chicken, duck, sea cucumber, fungus, etc. Five, dietary taboos diseases have cold, heat, deficiency, yin and Yang, food is also more biased, because the disease is appropriate, because the disease is harmful, appropriate is to supplement the body, for the harm will become a disease, coupled with the disease after taking drugs also have their own nature. Therefore, it is very important to emphasize dietary contraindications in the care of diseases. Chinese medicine in the diet care attaches great importance to the diet taboos, that diet taboos is an important part of health and disease prevention. Especially in the process of disease treatment food selection, it is necessary to know both the appropriate, but also to know the taboo. According to the patient’s condition, physical condition, medication, season, climate, eating habits and other factors, reasonable choice of diet, only to grasp the two aspects of dietary preferences and taboos, in order to make the diet and treatment with good treatment and rehabilitation purposes. (a), the basic principles of dietary contraindications 1, the identification of food, that is, the taste of food should be adapted to the needs of the disease. Food has a cold, hot, warm, cool and diarrhea, the condition also has a deficiency, hot and cold. Obviously, the deficiency evidence should be supplemented, the actual evidence should be sparing, cold evidence should be warm. Hot evidence should be cold. 2, identify the medicine to give food patients are taking drugs have their own flavor, efficacy. In order to help better play the effect of the medicine, the patient’s diet taste, generally should be consistent with the taste of the drug taken, avoid the opposite of the performance of the drug taken, so as not to reduce the effectiveness of the drug, such as food and the same taste of the drug taken, and even enhance the effectiveness of the drug, accelerate the recovery of the disease. 3, according to the person’s diet people have different physical strength, age, so the diet should be different, such as fat people more phlegm and more wet, it is appropriate to eat light, phlegm, avoid fat, sweet, thick and greasy products, so as not to help wet phlegm; thin people more Yin deficiency, it is appropriate to eat more Yin nourishing fluid, blood nourishing blood, avoid spicy fire products, so as not to hurt Yin; elderly people weak spleen and stomach, food should be light, avoid greasy, hard and sticky things In order to avoid injury to the spleen and stomach; women during pregnancy and lactation avoid spicy and warm dry food, so as not to help the Yang fire, affecting the fetus or breast, children are not full of qi and blood organs delicate, especially should pay attention to diet regulation. 4, according to the time to give food Four seasonal changes, the human body’s physiological functions have different effects. Therefore, the diet is also different. Spring climate from cold to warm, Yang Qi growth, food should be warm and light, summer Yang Qi hyperactive, hot weather, food should be sweet cold. However, cold and unclean food should be avoided. In autumn, when the yang and yin are long and dry, it is advisable to eat nourishing and astringent food, avoiding spicy and warm food, and in winter, when the yang energy is hidden and the yang energy is in full bloom, it is advisable to warm and avoid cold and cold food. 5, special contraindications Certain diseases and drugs require special dietary contraindications, such contraindications will be specifically introduced in the care of various diseases and medication care. (2), the main methods of dietary contraindications 1, heat evidence Heat evidence is the body feels heat or Yang Yin deficiency can be caused by a class of evidence, Yang heat, Yin and fluid, so it is desirable to clear heat and fluid, nourish Yin, eat cold and flat food, avoid spicy, warm products. 2, cold evidence Cold evidence is a type of disease caused by the body feeling cold or Yang deficiency and Yin. Yin and cold are prevalent and Yang is deficient. Therefore, it is advisable to warm the inside, dispel the cold, help Yang, it is advisable to eat warm food, avoid cold and cold products. 3, deficiency evidence Deficiency refers to the deficiency of yin and yang qi and blood. It is advisable to supplement the deficiency and eat foods that are beneficial. For Yang deficiency, it is advisable to use warm tonic and avoid cold and for Yin deficiency, it is advisable to use clear tonic and avoid warm. The deficiency of qi and blood can be different with the evidence of the disease, the identification of food, but deficiency patients more spleen and stomach weakness, should not eat nourishing, hard solid products, food to light and rich in nutrition is appropriate. 4.Actual evidence Actual evidence refers to excessive evil Qi. Diet is appropriate to ease, elimination, should be based on the condition of the cold and heat and the severity of the symptoms and food, take urgent to treat the symptoms, slow to treat the root and the overall principle of both the symptoms and the root to regulate the diet, generally should not be supplementation. 5, the external disease evidence is desirable to eat a light diet, can eat onions, ginger and other pungent and warm products, avoid greasy thick taste. 6, other various blood evidence, yin deficiency and hyperactivity evidence, eye disease, skin disease, hemorrhoids, sores, carbuncles and other evidence of avoidance of pungent food, such as onion, garlic, ginger, pepper, pepper, chili pepper, white wine, etc.; liver Yang liver wind disease people avoid eating goose, rooster, carp, pig’s head, etc., suffering from furuncles, sores, carbuncles and various skin diseases and possible recurrence of disease, avoid eating hairy, fishy food, such as scallops, yellow fish, shrimp, crab, mussels, light vegetables The food should not be eaten, such as scallops, yellow fish, shrimps, crabs, mussels, mussels, tamari, nori, sow pork, pig’s head, and all diseased animal meat, etc., so as not to induce old diseases, plus new diseases. 7, some drugs have special dietary contraindications such as radish can reduce the tonicity of tonic drugs, so take ginseng and other tonic medicine, avoid eating fish and crab when taking thorns (see food flavor table.)